Effects of supplementing dairy cows with chromium propionate on milk and tissue chromium concentrations

Lloyd, K.E.; Fellner, V.; McLeod, Sarah; Fry, R. S.; Krafka, K.; Lamptey, A.; Spears, J. W.

doi:10.3168/jds.2010-3198

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Hayirli et al [10] reported milk Cr levels to be between 55.4 and 56.6 μg/L in dairy cows supplemented with different levels of Cr-methionine/kg of BW 0.75 . Lloyd et al [50] found 1.7 ng/ml averaged milk Cr concentration in control and Crpropionate fed Holstein cows and was affected by day of lactation but not by Cr supplementation. Low level of Cr in milk may be due to the fact that amount transferred to milk is too low to be detected.…”

Section: Milk Mineral Content and Blood Biochemicalmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chromium Supplements in the Feed for Lactating Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): Influence on Nutrient Utilization, Lactation Performance, and Metabolic Responses

Deka

Mani

Kumar

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of inorganic chromium (Cr) on nutrient intake, nutrient utilization, milk mineral contents, and blood biochemical in lactating Murrah buffaloes. Twenty-four multifarious Murrah buffaloes were blocked into four groups having six animals in each group and fed for 150 days post-partum. Feeding regimen was same in all the groups except that treatment groups were supplemented with 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg inorganic Cr/kg dry matter (DM) in the four respective groups. Group fed on basal diet supplemented with 0.0 mg Cr/kg DM served as a control. Adding inorganic Cr to the diet of lactating buffaloes increased feed intake, milk yield, and nutrient digestibility. Nitrogen (N) and Cr balance were significantly increased (P<0.05) by adding Cr. Milk and plasma Cr concentration could be increased by adding Cr (P<0.001), while no significant differences were found between the four treatments in milk and plasma concentration of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Feeding of diet supplemented with inorganic Cr decreased plasma insulin concentration (P=0.016). Concentration of blood glucose and the ratio of blood glucose to insulin were increased by adding Cr (P=0.037 and P=0.011, respectively). Adding Cr to the diet of lactating buffaloes did not show any effect on blood hemoglobin (Hb), while plasma concentration of progesterone and antioxidant status was increased (P<0.05). It could be concluded that adding Cr to the diet of lactating buffaloes improved nutrient intake, nutrient utilization, and lactation performance.

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Section: Milk Mineral Content and Blood Biochemicalmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chromium Supplements in the Feed for Lactating Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): Influence on Nutrient Utilization, Lactation Performance, and Metabolic Responses

Deka

Mani

Kumar

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Samples of basal diet, supplements, and orts were prepared for Cr analysis by wet ashing with trace metal grade nitric acid (Trace Metal grade, Fisher Scientific, Raleigh, NC) using a hot plate digestion procedure. Chromium was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry (model 6701/6601, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) as described previously (Lloyd et al, 2010). The method of standard addition was used to remove matrix effects.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromium propionate is the only Cr source currently permitted for supplementation to cattle diets, and it can be added at levels up to 0.5 mg of Cr/kg of DM. The safety of Cr Prop has been investigated, and supplementation of lactating dairy cows with Cr Prop for 120 d at 4 times (2 mg of Cr/kg of DM) the permitted level did not increase Cr concentrations in milk, muscle, or fat (Lloyd et al, 2010). Chromium requirements of cattle, based on insulin sensitivity, are poorly defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium propionate enhances insulin sensitivity in growing cattle

Spears

Whisnant

Huntington

et al. 2012

Journal of Dairy Science

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Thirty-six Angus and Angus×Simmental heifers, averaging 291 kg, were used to determine the effects of dietary Cr, in the form of Cr propionate (Cr Prop), on glucose metabolism and serum insulin concentrations following glucose administration. Heifers were stratified by body weight (BW) within a breed and randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments consisted of 0, 3, 6, or 9 mg of supplemental Cr/d from Cr Prop. Based on dry matter (DM) intakes, the daily doses of Cr were equivalent to 0.47, 0.94, and 1.42 mg of supplemental Cr/kg of DM. Heifers were individually fed a corn silage-based diet at a level of 2% of BW. Each heifer was also fed 0.45 kg of a ground corn supplement daily that served as a carrier for supplemental Cr. Glucose tolerance tests were performed on d 44 of the study. Glucose was infused via jugular catheters at a level of 0.45 g/kg of BW(0.75) over a course of 1 to 2 min. Blood samples were collected at -10, 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min relative to glucose dosing for glucose and insulin determination. Area under the glucose response curve was lower (1,603 vs. 1,964 mg/dL per minute) in heifers supplemented with Cr from 0 to 45 min following glucose challenge. Serum insulin concentrations were lower in Cr-supplemented heifers than in controls following glucose infusion. The molar ratio of insulin to glucose was also lower in Cr-supplemented heifers relative to controls. Serum insulin and serum insulin to glucose ratios did not differ among heifers supplemented with 3, 6, or 9 mg of Cr/d. Results indicate that Cr Prop supplementation increased tissue sensitivity to insulin in growing heifers. Based on insulin sensitivity, Cr requirements (as Cr Prop) of growing heifers can be met by supplementing with 3 mg of Cr/d or 0.47 mg of Cr/kg of DM.

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“…Research suggests that Cr enhances insulin action by binding to an oligopeptide (chromodulin) that amplifies insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity [6]. Although there is no established Cr requirement for poultry (NRC, 1997) [7], various studies involving broilers fed supplemental Cr have shown a positive effect on growth performance [8][9][10], carcass traits [8,9], and immunity [11,12] when under heat stress conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Supplemental Chromium Source and Concentration on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Broilers Under Heat Stress Conditions

Huang

Yang

Fang

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental chromium (Cr) on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of broilers reared under heat stress. A total of 252 1-d-old Cobb 500 commercial female broilers were randomly allotted by body weight (BW) to one of six replicate cages (six broilers per cage) for each of seven treatments in a completely randomized design involving a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with three Cr sources (Cr propionate, CrPro; Cr picolinate, CrPic; Cr chloride, CrCl3) and two concentrations of added Cr (0.4, or 2.0 mg of Cr/kg) plus a Cr-unsupplemented control group. Feed and distilled-deionized water were available ad libitum for an experimental phase of 42 days. For induction of heat stress, the house temperature was set at 33 ± 2 °C from 15 to 42 days of age. Results showed that birds supplemented with Cr, regardless of Cr source, had increased ADG (P = 0.032) than controls. Birds fed 2.0 mg Cr/kg diet had greater ADG (P = 0.005) than birds fed 0.4 mg Cr/kg diet. Compared to controls, birds fed with Cr had greater dressing percentage (P = 0.021). Percentage of abdominal fat decreased (P = 0.013), whereas, breast intramuscular fat (IMF) remained unaffected (P = 0.147) in Cr supplemented vs control broilers. Broilers supplemented Cr had decreased b* values of meat color (P = 0.042) in breast muscle. B*values were also lesser (P = 0.049) in birds fed CrPro than birds supplemented with CrCl3 or CrPic. Regardless of Cr source, the percentage of cooking loss was decreased (P = 0.025) with Cr supplementation in breast muscle when compared to controls. Results from this study indicate that Cr supplementation, independent of its source, could promote growth and improve carcass traits and meat quality of broilers under heat stress conditions. Chromium propionate seems to have greater beneficial effects on meat color in comparison with CrPic and CrCl3.

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Effects of supplementing dairy cows with chromium propionate on milk and tissue chromium concentrations

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Chromium Supplements in the Feed for Lactating Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): Influence on Nutrient Utilization, Lactation Performance, and Metabolic Responses

Chromium Supplements in the Feed for Lactating Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): Influence on Nutrient Utilization, Lactation Performance, and Metabolic Responses

Chromium propionate enhances insulin sensitivity in growing cattle

Effects of Supplemental Chromium Source and Concentration on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Broilers Under Heat Stress Conditions

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