Effects of supplementing malate and yeast culture (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) on the rumen enzyme profile and growth performance of lambs

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of adding a mixture of malate and yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on cellulolytic, amylolytic, proteolytic and ureolytic activity in the rumen and on the growth performance of lambs. Eight native breed (Lory-Bakhtiary) lambs aged approximately 7 months (four males and four females) were divided into two groups by sex. They were kept in individual pens and fed a total mixed ration (TMR) based on lucerne hay-wheat straw and concentrate. The two groups of lambs were randomly assigned to each of the dietary treatments in a cross-over design: control (without supplementation) and supplemented (with malate and yeast included in the TMR at a level of 10 g · kg -1 ). The experiment was divided into 2 periods, in which the lambs received one diet in the fi rst three-week period, after which they were transferred to the other diet for another three weeks. Urease, cellulase, protease and amylase activities were determined in rumen fl uid and rumen microbial biomass. Rumen samples were taken 3-4 h after feeding at the end of each period. The weights of lambs were recorded at the beginning and end of each period. RNA equivalents (RNA-e) in rumen fl uid and urine were measured for determination of microbial status in different samples. Supplementation with the malate-yeast mixture increased daily weight gain (from 196 in controls to 259 g/d) but did not affect (P>0.05) feed intake (0.970 vs 0.929 kg DM/d for the control vs the supplemented lambs, respectively). Higher cellulase activity was observed in lambs on the malate-yeast diet compared with the control lamb diet. A signifi cant but moderately positive correlation was found between cellulase and protease activities (r=0.5188; P=0.0395). No signifi cant differences were observed between the two treatments for dry matter, neutral detergent fi bre and crude protein apparent digestibilities (P>0.05). Neither was microbial biomass (based on RNA-e concentrations) affected by the malate-yeast treatments (P>0.05).

The effect of live yeast, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, and their metabolites on ciliate fauna, fibrolytic and amylolytic activity, carbohydrate digestion and fermentation in the rumen of goats

“…Such activity depends rather on the number and activity of amylolytic bacteria, but these were not monitored in this study. In contrast to our result, Moharrery and Asadi (2009) found a positive effect of yeast on the activity of amylolytic enzymes in the rumen of lambs. In contrast, Brossard et al (2006) and Kowalik et al (2008) did not observe any effect of yeast on the mentioned activity.…”

“…Both activities increased significantly when the control rations were enriched either with live Saccacharomyces cerevisiae or with its metabolites. These results are in agreement with the findings of Moharrery and Asadi (2009) who reported that the activity of cellulase increased in the rumen of lambs fed a mixture of malate and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The higher activity of xylanase in animals fed live yeast agrees with results published by Michalet- Doreau et al (1997).…”

The influence of supplementing heifer diets with <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast on the activity of polysaccharidases in the rumen

“…In contrast, yeast metabolites significantly decreased cellulolytic activity compared with heifers fed the control diet only at 8 h after feeding. This is in agreement with the results of Moharrery and Asadi (2009), who reported that the activity of cellulase increased in the rumen of sheep fed a combination of malate and live S. cerevisiae. Moreover, ElWaziry and Ibrahim (2007) reported that the in vitro activity of cellulase was enhanced by the addition of yeast cells during 4 h incubation.…”

“…Supplementation of live yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its metabolites to diets improves productivity in ruminants (Moharrery and Asadi, 2009). The beneficial effect of these additives has been associated with their ability to alter rumen fermentation and stimulate microbial growth.…”

The effect of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> on ruminal fermentation in sheep fed high- or low-NDF rations

“…The beneficial effects are associated with increased milk production and improved performance of ruminants (Abd-El-Ghani, 2004;Moharrery and Asadi, 2009). Several hypotheses concerning the mode of action of yeast supplementation in ruminant nutrition have been proposed, but most of them emphasize positive effects achieved by modifying rumen fermentation.…”