Effects of Surface-Deacetylated Chitin Nanofibers in an Experimental Model of Hypercholesterolemia

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of oral administration of surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers (SDACNFs) on hypercholesterolemia using an experimental model. All rats were fed a high cholesterol diet with 1% w/w cholesterol and 0.5% w/w cholic acid for 28 days. Rats were divided equally into four groups: the control group was administered 0.05% acetic acid dissolved in tap water, and the SDACNF, chitosan (CS), and cellulose nanofiber (CLNF) groups were administered 0.1% CNF, CS, or CLNF dissolved in the tap water, respectively, during the experimental period. Changes in body weight, intake of food and water, and organ weight were measured. Serum blood chemistry and histopathological examination of the liver were performed. Administration of SDACNF did not affect body weight change, food and water intake, or organ weights. Administration of SDACNF and CS decreased the diet-induced increase in serum total cholesterol, chylomicron, very-low-density lipoprotein, and phospholipid levels on day 14. Moreover, oral administration of SDACNFs suppressed the increase of alanine transaminase levels on day 29 and suppressed vacuolar degeneration and accumulation of lipid droplets in liver tissue. These data indicate that SDACNF has potential as a functional food for patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Surface-Deacetylated Chitin Nano-Fiber/Hyaluronic Acid Composites as Potential Antioxidative Compounds for Use in Extended-Release Matrix Tablets

“…SDCH-NF are considered to have great potential for various applications because they have several useful properties, including a high specific surface area and high porosity [ 29 ]. In fact, SDCH-NFs were reported to have numerous bioactivities [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. For example, SDCH-NFs have been reported to suppress clinical symptoms and colon inflammation in an experimental colitis model [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Effect of chitosan consumption in lipidic parameters, glycemics and intestinal microflora in rats Wistar

“…O mesmo pode ser observado em estudo realizado por Cherem & Bramorski (14) ao adicionar à dieta hipercalórica de ratos Wistar 5% (m/m) de quitosana de duas diferentes marcas comerciais; os grupos com suplementação da fibra ingeriram uma maior quantidade de ração quando comparado a seus controles. Também, em seus estudos, Gallaher CM e Azuma K, et al (10,16) observaram maior ingestão alimentar nos grupos com suplementação de quitosana. Alguns estudos realizados observaram diminuição de leptina em animais que receberam suplementação com quitosana, indicando, desta forma, que houve diminuição na acumulação de lipídios, o que levou a um aumento na ingestão alimentar.…”

“…Da mesma forma, Geremias R e Azuma K, et al relataram em seus estudos que a ingestão hídrica não se mostrou alterada durante o período experimental com quitosana e suas associações. (11,16) Quanto à avaliação da concentração de Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium verificou-se um aumento destas bactérias nos grupos que receberam a suplementação com quitosana, sendo que a quitosana, por ser uma fibra, apresenta as características de um prebiótico, não sendo hidrolisada nem absorvida na parte superior do trato gastrointestinal, sendo posteriormente fermentada por Lactobacilos e Bifidobactérias. (20) No entanto, percebe-se que o grupo HQ apresentou um aumento em relação à concentração destas bactérias, o que indica o potencial prebiótico da quitosana que, ao ser administrada com a dieta hipercalórica, que contém chocolate em sua composição, apresentou um maior efeito na microbiota intestinal; de acordo com diversos estudos realizados, o chocolate atua como um prebiótico devido aos flavonoides que possui (derivados do cacau), levando a um aumento na concentração de Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium.…”

Effects of Oral Administration of Chitin Nanofiber on Plasma Metabolites and Gut Microorganisms

“…Previously, CNFs and SDACNFs were reported to have numerous bioactivities [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. For example, CNFs suppressed clinical symptoms and colon inflammation in an experimental colitis model [ 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

“…For example, CNFs suppressed clinical symptoms and colon inflammation in an experimental colitis model [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. SDACNFs suppressed increases in body weight and serum leptin level in a model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet [ 2 ] and decreased serum levels of cholesterol in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia [ 10 ]. These results indicate that CNFs and SDACNFs are potential potent functional foods for various diseases.…”