Effects of Surface Severe Plastic Deformation on the Mechanical Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel

Yang, Li; Lu, Zhan; Li, Tingchao; Li, Dalei; Lu, Jinsheng; Liaw, Peter K.; Zou, Yun

doi:10.3390/met10060831

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The sin2Ψ method measures the stress through the strain of the lattice spacing caused by residual stress [31]. The residual stress was calculated using the following simple equation [34]:…”

Section: Changes In Residual Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification for improvement of surface characteristics of AISI D2 heat-treated with different tempering conditions

Cho

Shim

2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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AISI D2, an alloy tool steel, has been widely used as a cold-work die steel because of its excellent wear resistance, toughness, and machinability. However, when it is used as a mold or tool under a high load, high hardness and wear resistance are required to improve its service life. This study aimed to apply ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM), a local surface hardening technology, to the surface of D2 steel. To maximize the surface improvement effect achievable through UNSM, it is important to select the optimal process conditions according to the characteristics of the base metal.Therefore, the effects of UNSM were compared for different initial hardness values of D2 in this study.To this end, the base metal was subjected to different heat treatment conditions to exhibit different hardness values (approximately 40, 45, 50, and 55 HRc). Changes in the surface of the base metal were observed according to the three main parameters of the UNSM process: the load, inter-pass interval, and feed rate. No significant changes in the surface roughness and hardness was caused by the feed rate. As the inter-pass interval of UNSM decreased and the static load increased, the surface roughness of the base metal increased. However, the specimen with low initial hardness (D2-H40), the roughness improvement decreased as the load increased. On the other hand, the surface hardness improvement increased as the inter-pass interval decreased and the load increased regardless of the initial hardness of the base metal. It also was found that the specimen with the highest initial hardness (D2-H55) exhibited the greatest hardness improvement rate of 8.7 % and smallest hardened layer thickness of 220 μm. In addition, the largest compressive residual stress (-1,130.6 MPa) was formed on the surface of D2-H55 after UNSM, which occurred because the base metal with high initial hardness had limited plastic flow due to fine grains and low ductility, causing thus the energy repeatedly delivered Method of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification for improvement of surface characteristics of AISI D2 heat-treated with different tempering conditions Seung Yeong Cho 1,2 and Do Sik Shim 1,2, by UNSM to be concentrated in a limited area. Consequently, reducing the inter-pass interval is effective on improving the surface roughness and hardness regardless of the material hardness. However, the load must be applied at an appropriate level, depending on the material hardness. Therefore, when D2 is heat-treated and used according to the product requirements, it will be effective to consider the changes after UNSM treatment based on hardness after heat treatment that were derived in this study.

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Section: Changes In Residual Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification for improvement of surface characteristics of AISI D2 heat-treated with different tempering conditions

Cho

Shim

2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…Several types of steels have been processed using severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques for obtaining ultrafine grained steels, including carbon steels (6,7,8,9,10,11) , alloy A d v a n c e V i e w 2 steels (12) , stainless steels (13) and tool steels (14) . The microstructure refinement obtained through these SPD techniques has improved mechanical properties and allowed several studies on corrosion control, mitigation, and protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on the Corrosion Behavior of Steels Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Cardonaa

Castillejo

2023

Mater. Trans.

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Ultrafine grained (UFG) and nanostructured steels have gained attention in the last years because of the possibility of improving both strength and ductility, but also because of their potential for improving several properties in metal applications which allows replacing some conventional steels. The refinement of the microstructure obtained through Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) has allowed for the improvement of mechanical properties and the performing of several studies related to corrosion control, mitigation, and protection. In this review, the corrosion behavior of ultra-fine grained (UFG) steels is presented regarding the existing literature and the microstructural changes produced through different SPD processes. A focus is placed on the importance of the processes for grain refinement and microstructural changes and, therefore, on the corrosion behavior.Keywords: Severe plastic deformation, corrosion behavior, steels Carbon and alloyed steelsCarbon and alloy steels are the most important engineering alloys because they are widely used in many applications. However, they are very susceptible to corrosion environments and require some corrosion control.

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“…On the other hand, the material type as well as its chemical, physical, and mechanical behavior define the performance of any component during and after its operation period. In this case, also the failure analysis, containing wear, overload, corrosion, and other consequences must be evaluated [38]. Indeed, during the last decade, studies about metal refinement in the microscale, defining as the grains smaller than 1 μm, by usage of the techniques of making SPD has been extensively noticed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and tribo-metallurgical behavior of 17-4 precipitation hardening stainless steel affected by severe cold plastic deformation: a comprehensive review article

Bazri

Mapelli

Barella

et al. 2022

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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This article comprehensively reviews the mechanical properties and tribo-metallurgical behavior of 17-4 precipitation hardening stainless steel (17-4PH SS) during and after cold plastic deformation. Referring to the scientific literature, stainless steels are one of the few types of ferrous alloys which could be appropriately set up through cold working processes in the forms of sheets or other shapes. Likewise, some other metal alloys such as mild low-carbon-based steels, copper and its alloys, aluminum alloys, and some others are the few types of metal alloys which have this capability. On the other hand, in engineering applications, there are several types of mechanical failures, which must be taken into account to investigate the mechanical behavior and tribo-metallurgical properties of any targeted materials. For example, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and fatigue failure are investigated according to the microstructural studies, comprising of the grain size, grain boundaries, orientations, dislocations, and so on. Based on the published results, focusing on 17-4PH SS, one of the most main effective factors on mechanical and tribo-metallurgical performance is the grain size. Also, the favorable balance of two mechanical properties of strength and ductility has been reported as a dilemma in the materials science, and the problem delineates upon the limitations of numerous structural materials potentials. Following the failure analysis of the materials, in order to diminish the damages caused by fretting fatigue some methods such as ultrasonic processes are applied for the treatment of 17-4PH SS via changing the microstructure, residual stress, and other parameters. Also, through the other cold deformation technologies, the nanostructured surface layer with highly upgraded mechanical properties of several ultrasonic surface rolling process-treated 17-4PH SS has been obtained. To this end, such cold working processes on 17-4PH SS and their subsequent results are elaborated in this review paper. Graphical abstract

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Effects of Surface Severe Plastic Deformation on the Mechanical Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Method of ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification for improvement of surface characteristics of AISI D2 heat-treated with different tempering conditions

Method of ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification for improvement of surface characteristics of AISI D2 heat-treated with different tempering conditions

An Overview on the Corrosion Behavior of Steels Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Mechanical and tribo-metallurgical behavior of 17-4 precipitation hardening stainless steel affected by severe cold plastic deformation: a comprehensive review article

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