Effects of sustained electrical stimulation on spasticity assessed by the pendulum test

Luna, José Luis Vargas; Guðfinnsdóttir, Halla K.; Magnúsdóttir, Gígja; Guðmundsdóttir, Vilborg; Krenn, Matthias; Mayr, Winfried; Ludvigsdóttir, Guðbjörg K.; Helgason, Þórður

doi:10.1515/cdbme-2016-0090

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The amplitude of the first swing [38,44] Magnitude of first drop φmax The first maximum of the goniogram after releasing the leg [35] αp The peak angle of the first swing [41] Θ1 first reversal First maximum of the oscillation [6,46] 3 E1 Ang Angle at the end of initial movement into extension [38] E1 Amp F1 Ang-E1 Ang [38] A2…”

Section: Methods Of Implementation Of Pendulum Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective assessment of spasticity by pendulum test: a systematic review on methods of implementation and outcome measures

et al. 2020

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Background Instrumented pendulum test is an objective and repeatable biomechanical method of assessment for spasticity. However, multitude of sensor technologies and plenty of suggested outcome measures, confuse those interested in implementing this method in practice. Lack of a standard agreement on the definition of experimental setup and outcome measures adds to this ambiguity and causes the results of one study not to be directly attainable by a group that uses a different setup. In this systematic review of studies, we aim to reduce the confusion by providing pros and cons of the available choices, and also by standardizing the definitions. Methods A literature search was conducted for the period of 1950 to the end of 2019 on PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and IEEE explore; with keywords of “pendulum test” and “Spasticity”. Results Twenty-eight studies with instrumented pendulum test for assessment of spasticity met the inclusion criteria. All the suggested methods of implementation were compared and advantages and disadvantages were provided for each sensor technology. An exhaustive list categorized outcome measures in three groups of angle-based, angular velocity-based, and angular acceleration-based measures with all different names and definitions. Conclusions With the aim of providing standardized methodology with replicable and comparable results, sources of dissimilarity and ambiguity among research strategies were found and explained with the help of graphical representation of pendulum movement stages and corresponding parameters on the angular waveforms. We hope using the provided tables simplify the choices when implementing pendulum test for spasticity evaluation, improve the consistency when reporting the results, and disambiguate inconsistency in the literature.

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Section: Methods Of Implementation Of Pendulum Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective assessment of spasticity by pendulum test: a systematic review on methods of implementation and outcome measures

et al. 2020

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“…The normalized relaxation index. R2n: A1/1.6A0 where A0 is the knee angle between the full extension (starting position) and the neutral knee joint angle (end position), and A1 is the difference between the starting angle and the maximum exion [33,44,50] 8 AUC…”

Section: R2nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wide range of ratios have been suggested by researchers and almost all studies (94%) have used at least one such category of outcome measure. Most of the powerful and consistent outcome measure that were capable of identifying levels of spasticity were in this category [44,45]. Category #8 uses area under the knee angle curve which considers positive and negative values for exion and extension around the resting angle, and is used by 24% of the studies.…”

Section: Relative Area Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

Objective Assessment of Spasticity by Pendulum Test: A Systematic Review on Methods of Implementation and Outcome Measures

Rahimi

Eyvazpour

Salahshour

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:Instrumented pendulum test is an objective and repeatable biomechanical method of assessment for spasticity. However, multitude of sensor technologies and plenty of suggested outcome measures, confuse those interested in implementing this method in practice. Lack of a standard agreement on the definition of outcome measures adds to this ambiguity. In this systematic review of studies, we aim to reduce the confusion by providing pros and cons of the available choices, and also by standardizing the definitions.Methods:A literature search was conducted for the period of 1950 to the end of 2019 on PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and IEEE explore; with keywords of “pendulum test” and “Spasticity”.Results:Twenty-eight studies with instrumented pendulum test for assessment of spasticity met the inclusion criteria. All the suggested methods of implementation were compared and advantages and disadvantages were provided for each sensor technology. An exhaustive list categorized outcome measures in three groups of angle-based, angular velocity-based, and angular acceleration-based measures with all different names and definitions. Conclusions:From a critical point of view, sources of ambiguity were found and explained with the help of graphical representation of pendulum movement stages and corresponding parameters on the angular waveforms. We hope using the provided tables simplify the choices when implementing pendulum test for spasticity evaluation, improve the consistency when reporting the results, and disambiguate inconsistency in the literature.

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“…Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) is used in our clinic as a therapy option as it has been shown to abbreviate spasticity in lower limbs in people with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) people. 235 , 236 This is thought to be inhibiting effects of action potentials entering the neural network of the spine where the motor neuron for the muscle in question exits. 237 , 238 By stimulating the posterior roots of sensory fibres this can be reached without stimulating the motor neuron of the same muscle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assessment consist of EMG measurements and evaluation of passive and active movements. 236 Stimulating electrodes where placed on the surface on the skin at the back and two big different electrodes where placed on the abdomen just beside the umbilicus. Immediately after the treatment a second assessment was made and a third one four to six hours later.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exciting perspectives for Translational Myology in the Abstracts of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Giovanni Salviati Memorial – Chapter IV - Abstracts of March 17, 2018

Carraro

2018

Eur J Transl Myol

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Myologists working in Padua (Italy) were able to continue a half-century tradition of studies of skeletal muscles, that started with a research on fever, specifically if and how skeletal muscle contribute to it by burning bacterial toxin. Beside main publications in high-impact-factor journals by Padua myologists, I hope to convince readers (and myself) of the relevance of the editing Basic and Applied Myology (BAM), retitled from 2010 European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM), of the institution of the Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova (CIR-Myo), and of a long series of International Conferences organized in Euganei Hills and Padova, that is, the PaduaMuscleDays. The 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays (2018SpPMD), were held in Euganei Hills and Padua (Italy), in March 14-17, and were dedicated to Giovanni Salviati. The main event of the “Giovanni Salviati Memorial”, was held in the Aula Guariento, Accademia Galileiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti of Padua to honor a beloved friend and excellent scientist 20 years after his premature passing. Using the words of Prof. Nicola Rizzuto, we all share his believe that Giovanni “will be remembered not only for his talent and originality as a biochemist, but also for his unassuming and humanistic personality, a rare quality in highly successful people like Giovanni. The best way to remember such a person is to gather pupils and colleagues, who shared with him the same scientific interests and ask them to discuss recent advances in their own fields, just as Giovanni have liked to do”. Since Giovanni’s friends sent many abstracts still influenced by their previous collaboration with him, all the Sessions of the 2018SpPMD reflect both to the research aims of Giovanni Salviati and the traditional topics of the PaduaMuscleDays, that is, basics and applications of physical, molecular and cellular strategies to maintain or recover functions of skeletal muscles. The translational researches summarized in the 2018SpPMD Abstracts are at the appropriate high level to attract endorsement of Ethical Committees, the interest of International Granting Agencies and approval for publication in top quality international journals. The abstracts of the presentations of the March 16, 2018 Padua Muscle Day and those of the remaining Posters are listed in this chapter IV. The Author Index of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays follows at page 78.

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Effects of sustained electrical stimulation on spasticity assessed by the pendulum test

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Objective assessment of spasticity by pendulum test: a systematic review on methods of implementation and outcome measures

Objective assessment of spasticity by pendulum test: a systematic review on methods of implementation and outcome measures

Objective Assessment of Spasticity by Pendulum Test: A Systematic Review on Methods of Implementation and Outcome Measures

Exciting perspectives for Translational Myology in the Abstracts of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Giovanni Salviati Memorial – Chapter IV - Abstracts of March 17, 2018

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