Effects of sustained-release bupropion among persons interested in reducing but not quitting smoking

Hatsukami, Dorothy K.; Rennard, Stephen I.; Patel, Manoj K.; Kotlyar, Michael; Malcolm, Robert; Nides, Mitchell; Dozier, G; Bars, Matthew P; Jamerson, Brenda D.

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.07.018

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The single study of bupropion (Hatsukami et al 2004) reported cotinine rather than CO levels. Although the reduction in CPD was similar in bupropion and placebo groups, the reduction in cotinine was 14% in the bupro-pion group versus 4% in the placebo group.…”

Section: Aimmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bupropion-Only one study has examined bupropion for reduction in smokers not trying to quit and used a somewhat different design from the NRT studies (Hatsukami et al 2004). In this large (n = 594) RCT of bupropion versus placebo, smokers who decided to quit during the study entered a second protocol and this second protocol had different follow-up times from the main protocol.…”

Section: Aim 3: To What Extent Can Smokers Substantially Reduce and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) trials-We located 19 trials that tested NRT for reduction in smokers not currently trying to quit whose data could be aggregated (Table 3) (Rennard et al 1990(Rennard et al ,1994Fager-strom et al 1997;Bolliger et al 2000;Hurt et al 2000;Fagerstrom, Hughes & Callas 2002;Jimenez-Ruiz et al 2002;Kralikova, Kozak & Rasmussen 2002;Rennard et al 2002;Stein et al 2002;Carpenter, Hughes & Keely 2003;Haustein et al 2003;Landfeldt et al 2003;Wennike et al 2003;Carpenter et al 2004;Etter, Laszlo & Perneger 2004;Hecht et al 2004;Joseph et al 2004;Kotlyar et al 2004). None of the trials stated that those in the reduction group were instructed not to quit and many trials stated explicitly that those in the reduction group were encouraged to quit at any point during reduction.…”

Section: Aim 3: To What Extent Can Smokers Substantially Reduce and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

2005

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Aim To update conclusions of a previous review of smoking reduction on the extent to which (1) smokers spontaneously reduce their smoking, (2) smokers who try to quit and fail return to smoking less, (3) smokers can substantially reduce and maintain reductions via pharmacological and behavioral treatments and (4) smokers compensate when they reduce.Method Qualitative systematic review. Data sources Systematic computer searches and other methods. Study selectionPublished and unpublished studies of smokers not trying to stop smoking. We located 13-26 studies for each of the four aims. Data extractionThe first author entered data with confirmation by second author.Data synthesis Due to the heterogeneity of methods and necessity of extensive recalculation, a metaanalysis was not feasible.Results Few daily smokers spontaneously reduce. Among those who try to stop smoking and relapse, some return to reduced smoking but whether they maintain this reduction is unclear. Nicotine replacement (and perhaps behavior therapies) can induce smokers not interested in quitting to make significant reductions in their smoking and maintain these over time. Some compensatory smoking occurs with reduction but significant declines in smoke exposure still occur. ConclusionsThese results indicate that reduction is feasible when aided by treatment. Whether reduction should be promoted will depend on the effect of reduction on health outcomes and future cessation.

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Section: Aimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aim 3: To What Extent Can Smokers Substantially Reduce and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aim 3: To What Extent Can Smokers Substantially Reduce and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

2005

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“…Standard doses of NRT [56,152,155] and varenicline [156] have helped reduction to quit (more than placebo), but bupropion doesn't seem as effective [155]. Different classes of pharmacotherapy are increasingly prescribed (off licence) in combination, in higher doses and for longer periods than normally recommended for those with particularly high addiction and/or ongoing withdrawal symptoms.…”

Section: Smoking Cessation In Smokers That Find It Difficult To Quitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statement on smoking cessation in COPD and other pulmonary diseases and in smokers with comorbidities who find it difficult to quit

Jiménez-Ruíz¹,

et al. 2015

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, asthma and pulmonary tuberculosis are common pulmonary diseases that are caused or worsened by tobacco smoking. Growing observational evidence suggests that symptoms and prognosis of these conditions improve upon smoking cessation. Despite increasing numbers of (small) randomised controlled trials suggesting intensive smoking cessation treatments work in people with pulmonary diseases many patients are not given specific advice on the benefits or referred for intensive cessation treatments and, therefore, continue smoking. This is a qualitative review regarding smoking cessation in patients with COPD and other pulmonary disorders, written by a group of European Respiratory Society experts. We describe the epidemiological links between smoking and pulmonary disorders, the evidence for benefits of stopping smoking, how best to assess tobacco dependence and what interventions currently work best to help pulmonary patients quit. Finally, we describe characteristics and management of any "hardcore" smoker who finds it difficult to quit with standard approaches. @ERSpublications Smoking cessation is crucial for respiratory patients: every patient must be given advice and help to quit http://ow.ly/ITgsW

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“…This also makes sense clinically, as bupropion is typically administered for a week prior to quitting, 1 offering a window for bupropion to attenuate reinforcement during typical smoking. 22 From a learning perspective, the blockade of reinforcement should result in extinction, a decrease in the frequency of smoking. Although acute bupropion increased the ad libitum smoking among non-treatment-seeking smokers, 23 this increase could reflect an extinction burst, a temporary increase in behavior in the context of reinforcement blockade, that is followed by a reduction in behavior over time.…”

Section: Does Extended Pre Quit Bupropion Aid In Extinguishing Smokinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Extended Pre Quit Bupropion Aid in Extinguishing Smoking Behavior?

Hawk

Ashare

Rhodes

et al. 2015

NICTOB

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Introduction: Understanding the mechanisms by which bupropion promotes smoking cessation may lead to more effective treatment. To the extent that reduced smoking reinforcement is one such mechanism, a longer duration of pre quit bupropion treatment should promote extinction of smoking behavior. We evaluated whether 4 weeks of pre quit bupropion (extended run-in) results in greater pre quit reductions in smoking rate and cotinine and, secondarily, greater short-term abstinence, than standard 1 week of pre quit bupropion (standard run-in). Methods: Adult smokers (n = 95; 48 females) were randomized to a standard run-in group (n = 48; 3-week placebo, then 1-week bupropion pre quit) or an extended run-in group (4-week pre quit bupropion; n = 47). Both groups received group behavioral counseling and 7 weeks of post quit bupropion. Smoking rate (and craving, withdrawal, and subjective effects) was collected daily during the pre quit period; biochemical data (cotinine and carbon monoxide) were collected at study visits. Results: During the pre quit period, the extended run-in group exhibited a greater decrease in smoking rate, compared to the standard run-in group, interaction p = .03. Cigarette craving and salivary cotinine followed a similar pattern, though the latter was evident only among women. Biochemically verified 4-week continuous abstinence rates were higher in the extended run-in group (53%) than the standard run-in group (31%), p = .033. Conclusions:The extended use of bupropion prior to a quit attempt reduces smoking behavior during the pre quit period and improved short-term abstinence rates. The data are consistent with an extinction-of-reinforcement model and support further investigation of extended run-in bupropion therapy for smoking cessation.

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Effects of sustained-release bupropion among persons interested in reducing but not quitting smoking

Cited by 47 publications

References 17 publications

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

Statement on smoking cessation in COPD and other pulmonary diseases and in smokers with comorbidities who find it difficult to quit

Does Extended Pre Quit Bupropion Aid in Extinguishing Smoking Behavior?

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