Effects of synthetic and natural zeolites on morphology and thermal degradation of poly(lactic acid) composites

Yüzay, Isinay E.; Auras, Rafael; Soto‐Valdez, Herlinda; Selke, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.05.011

Cited by 100 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Water will decompose the material over time and alcohols, acetone and heating will degrade the printed material as well (26)(27)(28)(29)(30). This means that sterilization with alcohol may alter the chemistry of 3d printed PLA samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Fused Deposition (FDM) Printing Process on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Chemistry and Structure

Cuiffo¹,

Snyder²,

Elliott³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Polylactic Acid (PLA) is an organic polymer commonly used in fused deposition (FDM) printing and biomedical scaffolding that is biocompatible and immunologically inert. However, variations in source material quality and chemistry make it necessary to characterize the filament and determine potential changes in chemistry occurring as a result of the FDM process. We used several spectroscopic techniques, including laser confocal microscopy, Fourier-Transform Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 3 April 2017 doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0010.v1Peer-reviewed version available at Appl. Sci. 2017, 7, , 579; doi:10.3390/app7060579 Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and photoacousitc FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) in order to characterize both the bulk and surface chemistry of the source material and printed samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize morphology, crystallinity, and the glass transition temperature following printing. Analysis revealed calcium carbonatebased additives which were reacted with organic ligands and potentially trace metal impurities, both before and following printing. These additives became concentrated in voids in the printed structure. This finding is important for biomedical applications as carbonate will impact subsequent cell growth on printed tissue scaffolds. Results of chemical analysis also provided evidence of the hygroscopic nature of the source material and oxidation of the printed surface, and SEM imaging revealed micro and sub-micron scale roughness that will also impact potential applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Fused Deposition (FDM) Printing Process on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Chemistry and Structure

Cuiffo¹,

Snyder²,

Elliott³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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show abstract

“…However, while this more chemically reactive nature is of value for in situ synthesis and stabilization of metal nanoparticles [28], or for use as support structure for growth and calcification of cells, it also results in some disadvantages which can impact its use in medical and other settings, such as increased susceptibility to water, alcohol, acetone, and heat. Water will decompose the material over time and alcohols, acetone, and heating will degrade the printed material as well [29][30][31][32][33]. This means that sterilization with alcohol, typical in medical use, may alter the chemistry of FDM-printed PLA samples.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Fused Deposition (FDM) Printing Process on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Chemistry and Structure

et al. 2017

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Featured Application: Detailed chemical and structural changes to polylactid acid (PLA) from source material through 3D printing needs to be quantified in order to use PLA 3D printed structures for specific applications. This work was specifically motivated for specific applications for in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles on printed PLA surfaces used in antimicrobial applications and the development and characterization of PLA constructs for tissue engineering.Abstract: Polylactic acid (PLA) is an organic polymer commonly used in fused deposition (FDM) printing and biomedical scaffolding that is biocompatible and immunologically inert. However, variations in source material quality and chemistry make it necessary to characterize the filament and determine potential changes in chemistry occurring as a result of the FDM process. We used several spectroscopic techniques, including laser confocal microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and photoacousitc FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in order to characterize both the bulk and surface chemistry of the source material and printed samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize morphology, cold crystallinity, and the glass transition and melting temperatures following printing. Analysis revealed calcium carbonate-based additives which were reacted with organic ligands and potentially trace metal impurities, both before and following printing. These additives became concentrated in voids in the printed structure. This finding is important for biomedical applications as carbonate will impact subsequent cell growth on printed tissue scaffolds. Results of chemical analysis also provided evidence of the hygroscopic nature of the source material and oxidation of the printed surface, and SEM imaging revealed micro-and submicron-scale roughness that will also impact potential applications.

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“…Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method [28][29][30][31] This method is one of the integral methods that can be determined the activation energy without knowledge of reaction mechanism. Pre-exponential factor (A) and activation energy (E a ) do not depend on degradation fraction, but they depend on the temperature.…”

Section: Integral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinetic Analysis [27][28][29] Thermogravimetric analysis can be used for determination of degradation kinetic a lot of polymer. In general, the thermal degradation reaction of a solid polymer can be shown as:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and thermal degradation kinetics of D (+) galactose containing polymers

Saltan¹,

Akat²

2013

Polímeros

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Abstract:In this study, it is investigated the synthesis and characterizations of polymerizable vinyl sugars. Carbohydrate containing polymers were synthesized via free radical polymerization. Thermal behavior of polymer derivatives was analyzed by using DSC and TG. Molecular weight dispersion of polymer derivatives was also analyzed with GPC. Molecular structures were analyzed by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectrophotometer. We found that molecular weight of copolymers could effect to the thermal stability. According to TG data related to the copolymers, molecular weight of polymers increased while the thermal stability decreased. Thermogravimetric analysis of polymers also investigated. The apparent activation energies for thermal degradation of carbohydrate containing polymers were obtained by integral methods (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, and Tang).

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Effects of synthetic and natural zeolites on morphology and thermal degradation of poly(lactic acid) composites

Cited by 100 publications

References 48 publications

Impact of the Fused Deposition (FDM) Printing Process on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Chemistry and Structure

Impact of the Fused Deposition (FDM) Printing Process on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Chemistry and Structure

Impact of the Fused Deposition (FDM) Printing Process on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Chemistry and Structure

Synthesis and thermal degradation kinetics of D (+) galactose containing polymers

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