Effects of synthetic polycyclic musks on estrogen receptor, vitellogenin, pregnane X receptor, and cytochrome P450 3A gene expression in the livers of male medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Yamauchi, Ryôko; Ishibashi, Hiroshi; Hirano, Masashi; Mori, Taiki; Kim, Joon‐Woo; Arizono, Koji

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.09.007

Cited by 97 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…), method detection limit (MDL), limit of quantitation (LOQ), and precision cancer cells, demonstrating their potential oestrogenic activity [19]. Recent studies demonstrated some adverse effects of synthetic polycyclic musks on the early life stage of male medaka (Oryzias latipes) and potential estrogenic effects upon the addition of AHTN and HHCB, indicative of the induction of hepatic vitellogenin protein synthesis in the livers of male medaka [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of synthetic musk compounds in indoor house dust by gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry

et al. 2012

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A new method for the simultaneous determination of 11 synthetic musks and one fragrance compound in house dust was developed. The nitro musks included musk ketone (MK, 4-tert-butyl-3,5-dinitro-2,6-dimethylacetophenone), musk xylene (MX, 1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), musk ambrette (1-tert-butyl-2-methoxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene) and musk moskene (1,1,3,3,5-pentamethyl-4,6-dinitroindane). The polycyclic musk compounds were 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-(γ)-2-benzopyran (HHCB), 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN), 4-acetyl-1,1-dimethyl-6-tert-butylindane, 6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethylindane, 5-acetyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethyl-3-isopropylindane, 6,7-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4(5H)-indanon. The one macrocyclic musk was 1,4-dioxacycloheptadecane-5,17-dione. The bicyclic hydrocarbon fragrance compound (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethylnaphthalen-2yl)ethan-1-one (OTNE) and HHCB-lactone (4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1H,3H,4H,6H,7H, 8H-indeno[5,6-c]pyran-1-one), a degradation product of HHCB, were also analysed. NIST SRM 2781 (domestic sludge) and SRM 2585 (organic contaminants in house dust) were analysed for these target compounds. The method was applied for the analysis of 49 paired samples collected using two vacuum sampling methods: a sample of fresh or "active" dust (FD) collected using a Pullman-Holt vacuum sampler, and a household dust (HD) sample taken from the participants' vacuum cleaners. Method detection limits and recoveries ranged from 12 to 48 ng/g and 54 to 117 %, respectively. AHTN, HHCB, OTNE and HHCB-lactone were detected in all samples, with median concentrations of 552, 676, 252 and 453 ng/g for FD samples, respectively; and 405, 992, 212 and 492 ng/g for HD samples, respectively. MX and MK were detected with high frequencies but with much lower concentrations. The two sampling methods produced comparable results for the target analytes. Widely scattered concentration levels were observed for target analytes from this set of 49 house dust samples, suggesting a wide variability in Canadian household exposure to synthetic musks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of synthetic musk compounds in indoor house dust by gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry

et al. 2012

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“…Various sublethal toxic assays have indicated inhibition and/or impairment effects of larval development in the presence of AHTN and HHCB at the level of environmentally relevant concentrations (Breitholtz et al 2003). Also, both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects have been reported for AHTN and HHCB in various cell lines and aquatic organisms (Bitsch et al 2002;Schreurs et al 2005;Yamauchi et al 2008). Furthermore, some nitromusk and polycyclic musk compounds, including AHTN and HHCB inhibit the activity of multidrug efflux transporters responsible for multi-xenobiotic resistance in gills of marine mussels at low exposure levels (Luckenbach and Epel 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel ecotoxicity assessment of polycyclic musk in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using traditional and molecular endpoints

et al. 2011

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The ecotoxicity assessment of galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) was investigated in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using traditional and novel molecular endpoints. The median lethal concentration (LC(50)) for 7-day and 14-day exposures was 573.2 and 436.3 μg g(-1) for AHTN, and 489.0 and 392.4 μg g(-1) for HHCB, respectively. There was no observed significant effect on the growth rate of E. fetida after a 28-day exposure except that at the highest concentration (100 μg g(-1)) of AHTN and HHCB, whereas a significant decrease of cocoon production was found in earthworms exposed to 50 and 100 μg g(-1). To assess molecular-level effect, the expression of encoding antioxidant enzymes and stress protein genes were investigated upon sublethal exposures using the quantitative real time PCR assay. The expression level of SOD, CAT and calreticulin genes was up-regulated significantly, while the level of annetocin (ANN) and Hsp70 gene expression was down-regulated in E. fetida. Importantly, the level of ANN expression had a significant positive correlation with the reproduction rate of earthworms. Furthermore, the lowest observed effect concentration (LOECs) of ANN expression level was 3 μg g(-1) for AHTN and 10 μg g(-1) for HHCB, suggesting that ANN gene expression can serve as a more sensitive indicator of exposure to AHTN and HHCB than traditional endpoints such as cocoon production. The transcriptional responses of these genes may provide early warning molecular biomarkers for identifying contaminant exposure, and the data obtained from this study will contribute to better understand the toxicological effect of AHTN and HHCB.

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“…In zebrafish, antiestrogenic effects have been reported for AHTN mainly mediated by ERγ [11]. An induction of ERα and vitellogenin expression has been reported in males of Oryzias latipes at 500µg/L of AHTN [12]. Despite acute and chronic effects have been observed at doses exceeding environmental concentrations, the persistence in the aquatic environment and bioaccumulation by biota, suggest a potential concern for aquatic biota due to their presence in the aquatic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Synthetic musks fragrances in the aquatic environment:in vitrotoxicological studies of their biotransformation and potential negative effects

Focardi¹,

Torre²,

Monti³

et al. 2011

Environmental Health and Biomedicine

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the interaction of musk xylene (MX) and Tonalide (AHTN) with CYP1A by looking at gene transcription (cyp1a) and EROD activity in Poeciliopsis lucida hepatoma cell line (PLHC-1). MX and AHTN were studied individually and combined with classical inducer of CYP1A as B(a)P and PCB126. After 24h of exposure a different cytotoxicity has been observed with an LC 50 of 35.76µM for AHTN and LC 50 123.6µM for MX. After 6h of exposure to MX, a dose-dependent reduction of cyp1a was observed respect to controls. At 24h, the same pattern was observed but with slight induction at the lowest concentration (2µM) and a dose-dependent reduction at the higher concentrations. Co-exposure to MX with B(a)P did not alter cyp1a transcription levels compared to the inducer alone. After 6h AHTN determined a slight induction of cyp1a transcription reaching maximum induction of 2.3 folds respect to controls at 2µM. No modulation of cyp1a transcription was observed after 24h. Co-exposure to AHTN with B(a)P and PCB126 at 6h determined a 55% reduction of cyp1a transcription respect to inducers alone which recovered at 24h. At 24h, MX caused a dose-dependent decrease of EROD activity. No modulation of EROD activity was detectable at 6h and 24h of exposure to AHTN. Co-exposure with both MX and AHTN did not alter EROD activity induced by B(a)P and PCB126. Results suggest different toxicological properties of MX and AHTN toward CYP1A in PLHC-1. MX reduced cyp1a basal transcription but did not alter cyp1a induction by B(a)P and PCB126. This suggests that MX cellular pathway is not mediated by AhR. On the contrary AHTN did not alter significantly cyp1a basal levels but decreased cyp1a induction by B(a)P and PCB126. A potential role of AHTN as competitive antagonist of AhR could thus be hypothesized.

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Effects of synthetic polycyclic musks on estrogen receptor, vitellogenin, pregnane X receptor, and cytochrome P450 3A gene expression in the livers of male medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Cited by 97 publications

References 51 publications

Determination of synthetic musk compounds in indoor house dust by gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry

Determination of synthetic musk compounds in indoor house dust by gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry

Multilevel ecotoxicity assessment of polycyclic musk in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using traditional and molecular endpoints

Synthetic musks fragrances in the aquatic environment:in vitrotoxicological studies of their biotransformation and potential negative effects

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