Effects of Tangerine Essential Oil on Brain Waves, Moods, and Sleep Onset Latency

Chandharakool, Supaya; Koomhin, Phanit; Sinlapasorn, Jennarong; Suanjan, Sarunnat; Phungsai, Jantamas; Suttipromma, Noppharat; Songsamoe, Sumethee; Matan, Narumol; Sattayakhom, Apsorn

doi:10.3390/molecules25204865

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Alteration of brain activity can affect the brain functions, including cognitive performance and sleep modification. The sedative effect of essential oil inhalation was also confirmed in several settings [ 15 , 21 , 22 ]. The reduction in both beta and alpha wave power activities induces calm state, shorter sleep latency, or deep sleep promotion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Effects of Thai Local Ingredient Odorants, Litsea cubeba and Garlic Essential Oils, on Brainwaves and Moods

et al. 2021

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The functional food market is growing with a compound annual growth rate of 7.9%. Thai food recipes use several kinds of herbs. Lemongrass, garlic, and turmeric are ingredients used in Thai curry paste. Essential oils released in the preparation step create the flavor and fragrance of the famous tom yum and massaman dishes. While the biological activities of these ingredients have been investigated, including the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the responses to the essential oils of these plants. To investigate the effects of essential oil inhalation on the brain and mood responses, electroencephalography was carried out during the non-task resting state, and self-assessment of the mood state was performed. The essential oils were prepared in several dilutions in the range of the supra-threshold level. The results show that Litsea cubeba oil inhalation showed a sedative effect, observed from alpha and beta wave power reductions. The frontal and temporal regions of the brain were involved in the wave alterations. Garlic oil increased the alpha wave power at lower concentrations; however, a sedative effect was also observed at higher concentrations. Lower dilution oil induced changes in the fast alpha activity in the frontal region. The alpha and beta wave powers were decreased with higher dilution oils, particularly in the temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. Both Litsea cubeba and turmeric oils resulted in better positive moods than garlic oil. Garlic oil caused more negative moods than the others. The psychophysiological activities and the related brain functions require further investigation. The knowledge obtained from this study may be used to design functional food products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The subjects of this study were university students aged around 21 years old. From our previous study, female subjects respond to odors better than male subjects [ 15 ]. Therefore, we recruited only females in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Thai Local Ingredient Odorants, Litsea cubeba and Garlic Essential Oils, on Brainwaves and Moods

et al. 2021

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“…A number of electrophysiological techniques have been developed to examine brain function. Among them, the changes in neuronal activity due to the stimulation of fragrance inhalation can be easily measured by electroencephalography (EEG) [ 14 , 15 ]. EEG is an extensively used technique to determine the impact of fragrance on human brain functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EEG calculates these neuronal electrical activities and represents them as waves. The EEG spectra bands were categorized into five major waves: delta (0-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz) beta (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), and gamma (>30 Hz). Generally, the alterations in brain wave activities are highly interlinked with specific functions of the brain [13,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Human Electroencephalographic Activity in Response to Agastache rugosa Essential Oil Exposure

Hong

Jang

et al. 2022

Behavioral Sciences

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Agastache rugosa (Korean mint) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant and its aerial parts have a pleasant fragrance. A. rugosa leaves are used as an ingredient in salads and soups for enhancing the aroma and taste of foods in Korea. However, there is no report on the influence of the aroma of A. rugosa on human psychophysiological activity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to the essential oil of Korean A. rugosa on human electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. The essential oil of A. rugosa was isolated using steam distillation extraction and its composition was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. In the EEG study, 38 healthy volunteers (19 men and 19 women) participated. The EEG readings were analyzed for 25 EEG indices from 29 electrodes placed on the scalp according to the international 10–20 system. The major component in the essential oil of A. rugosa was estragole (89.49%) followed by D-limonene (3.40%), menthone (1.80%), and pulegone (1.86%). In the EEG study, significant decreases in absolute theta (AT) and relative theta (RT) power spectra were observed during the exposure to A. rugosa essential oil when compared to that of no odor exposure. Whereas relative alpha (RA), relative slow alpha (RSA), spectral edge frequency 50% (SEF50), and spectral edge frequency 50% of alpha (ASEF) power spectra values significantly increased. These results reveal that the EEG power spectra changes incurred during the exposure to the essential oil of A. rugosa may be associated with the enhancement of freshness and concentration states of the human brain.

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“…Citrus essential oils proved to have many pharmacological properties, i.e., antioxidant [ 1 ], anticancer [ 2 ], anti-inflammatory [ 3 ], antiparasitic [ 4 ], antifungal [ 5 ], antibacterial [ 6 ], antimicrobial [ 7 ], larvacidal [ 8 ], stress release, and sleep [ 9 ]. One Citrus spp., kaffir lime ( Citrus hystrix DC) is also rich in essential oil both in leaves and fruit [ 10 ] with numerous biological activities, such as anti-acne [ 11 ], anticancer [ 12 ], biolarvacidal [ 13 ], antimicrobial [ 14 ], and mood enhancer [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship among Agroclimatic Variables, Soil and Leaves Nutrient Status with the Yield and Main Composition of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC) Leaves Essential Oil

et al. 2021

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Previous studies revealed the impact growing location has on the quantity and quality of essential oils derived from numerous Citrus spp., except on the kaffir lime. This study aims to analyze the relationship shared by agroclimatic variables and soil-plant nutrient status to kaffir lime leaves essential oil yield and main composition. The experiment was conducted between February and April 2019 in four growing locations, namely Bogor (6°36′36″ S, 106°46′47″ E), West Bandung (6°48′12″ S, 107°39′16″ E), Pasuruan (7°45′5″ S, 112°40′6″ E) and Tulungagung (8°6′27″ S, 112°0′35″ E). The highest essential oil yield was obtained from Bogor (1.5%), while the lowest one was from Tulungagung (0.78%). The yield was positively and significantly correlated with the rainfall, soil organic carbon, soil pH, and macronutrient levels, i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and magnesium. Citronellal, the major component in metabolites’ profile of kaffir lime leaves essential oils, was significantly affected by the growing location. The absolute content of citronellal was positively and significantly correlated with the actual soil pH and leaf Ca content; furthermore, it negatively correlated with the leaf content of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu. Pearson correlation analysis also showed (i) a negative significant correlation between the relative percentage of citronellol and annual rainfall intensity; (ii) a negative significant correlation between altitude and relative percentage of caryophyllene, and (iii) a positive significant correlation between the relative percentage of linalool and leaf K content.

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Effects of Tangerine Essential Oil on Brain Waves, Moods, and Sleep Onset Latency

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Thai Local Ingredient Odorants, Litsea cubeba and Garlic Essential Oils, on Brainwaves and Moods

Effects of Thai Local Ingredient Odorants, Litsea cubeba and Garlic Essential Oils, on Brainwaves and Moods

Changes in Human Electroencephalographic Activity in Response to Agastache rugosa Essential Oil Exposure

Relationship among Agroclimatic Variables, Soil and Leaves Nutrient Status with the Yield and Main Composition of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC) Leaves Essential Oil

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