Effects of tank tracking on range grasses

Intermountain West Military Training Lands Planting Guide: Selecting Seed Mixtures for Actively Used Military Lands

“…However, three of the natives we worked with-western wheatgrass, Sandburg bluegrass, and Snake River wheatgrass-showed promise as stabilization species because of their ability to colonize damaged areas. Our research on the "ecological bridge" concept confirms that we can select seed mixtures consisting of native and introduced species that will establish more rapidly than all-native mixes, allowing for earlier land-use training, and ultimately lead to healthy and persistent stands of native plants , Waldron et al 2005, 2006a. Seed and equipment needed are readily available for seeding recommended seed mixtures, and the seeding can be done in one application, thus saving money.…”

Contour ripping is more beneficial than composted manure for restoring degraded rangelands in Central Texas

“…In the United States, many rangelands that are home to military bases have been affected in this way (Halvorson et al, 2003;Kade and Warren, 2002;Leis et al, 2005;Prosser et al, 2000). Since 1994, it has been the official policy of the U. S. Department of Defense to maintain and restore these landscapes while at the same time allowing for necessary military training (Palazzo et al, 2005).…”

Analysis of vehicle use patterns during field training exercises to identify potential roads

“…As vehicles move across the terrain, the traffic patterns can be dispersed or concentrated to form trails or unimproved roads. Concentrated or multi-pass vehicle traffic can produce more severe terrain impacts than a single pass event [5]. Severely impacted areas may need special land maintenance to reduce the potential for accelerated soil erosion.…”

“…Military road class descriptions for Yakima Training Center Fair or dry weather, unimproved surface (e.g., improved road with no maintenance unimproved dirt road; twin tracks; no tracks, but easily discerned vegetation change)5 Trail, defined as extremely scary or difficult to negotiate in a civilian 4 · 4 truck, difficult to see (better seen from across the canyon than when driving), old firebreak, or cow/motorcycle path…”