Effects of tea residues-fermented feed on production performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, caecal microbiota, and ammonia emissions of laying hens

Abstract

This study was to assess the effects of tea residues-fermented feed (TR-fermented feed) on production performance, egg quality, serum antioxidant capacity, caecal microbiota, and ammonia emissions of laying hens. A total of 1,296 Lohmann laying hens have randomly distributed four groups with six parallels and fed with diets TR-fermented feed at the rates of 0 (control), 1, 3, and 5%. The inclusion of 1% (TR)-fermented feed resulted in a significant increase in egg-laying rate and average egg weight of birds, and a reduction in the feed-to-egg ratio when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The addition of 1 and 3% of (TR)-fermented feed significantly improved the Haugh unit of eggs (p < 0.05). The eggshell thickness was observed to increase by almost one-fold upon the inclusion of 3 and 5% (TR)-fermented feed in the basal diet (p < 0.05). The supplementation of 3% (TR)-fermented feed significantly increased the content of methionine, tyrosine, proline, essential amino acids (EAA), alpha linoleic acid (C18:3n6), docosanoic acid (C22:0), docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3), twenty-three carbonic acids (C23:0), ditetradecenoic acid (C24:1) and total omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (∑ω-3 PUFA) in the eggs (p < 0.05). The addition of a certain amount of (TR)-fermented feed can enhance the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in chicken serum, and reduce the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). The ammonia concentration in the hen house of laying hens in the treatment groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, the main phyla in the cecal bacterial community, were differentially abundant in each group, comprising greater than 55 and 33%, respectively. Collectively, this research indicates that (TR)-fermented feed supplementation improves the performance of laying hens and reduces ammonia emissions and can be used in industry-scale layer production.

Dried tea residue can alter the blood metabolism and the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiota in Hu sheep

“…This could be because the content of various active or nutritional components in the by-products does not reach concentrations that have a noticeable effect (Sarker et al, 2022;Khurana et al, 2023). Previous studies have indicated that the use of tea and its by-products in monogastric animals can significantly improve their production performance, such as increasing egg production rate, egg weight, and other factors (Wang et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2023). However, in this study, no significant impact of DTR on sheep's production performance was observed, which may be attributed to the unique rumen fermentation characteristic of ruminant animals.…”

Effects of dietary supplement of ε‐polylysine hydrochloride on laying performance, egg quality, serum parameters, organ index, intestinal morphology, gut microbiota and volatile fatty acids in laying hens

“…The feed consumption was recorded once a week, and the value of average daily feed intake (ADFI) was calculated. Egg production (EP), average egg weight (AEW), feed to egg ratio (FER) and egg breakage rate (EBR) were calculated for each replicate based on the feeding trial records by referring to the method of Chen et al 15 . and Wang et al 16 .…”

The Use of Biologically Converted Agricultural Byproducts in Chicken Nutrition

“…Supplementation of 1% significantly improved the Haugh unit, whereas 3% improved the content of essential amino acids and total omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the eggs [141] Corn and soybean meal 250, 750, and 1500 g N.A.…”