Effects of temperature and nanoparticles concentration on rheological behavior of Fe 3 O 4 –Ag/EG hybrid nanofluid: An experimental study

An experimental study on thermal conductivity of F-MWCNTs–Fe 3 O 4 /EG hybrid nanofluid: Effects of temperature and concentration

“…Nanoparticles are usually made of metals, oxides or carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Nanofluids have advanced properties that make them conceivably useful in numerous heat transfer applications such as electronics, heat exchangers, heat pipes, solar collectors and so on [2][3][4][5][6]. Since the thermal conductivity of nanoparticles is higher than that of the base fluids, they enhance the thermal conductivity and heat transfer performance of the base fluids significantly.…”

An experimental and theoretical investigation on the effects of adding hybrid nanoparticles on heat transfer efficiency and pumping power of an oil-based nanofluid as a coolant fluid

“…It must be noted that the ratio of using the MgO and MWCNT nanoparticles was 80 % and 20 %, respectively. To preoare a long time stable nanofluid, a magnetic stirrer was used for 2 h. Then the sample was subjected to an ultrasonic processor (20 kHz, 1200 W) for 1 h. Researchers proof that ultrasonic processor has a great impact on preparing a long time stable nanofluid by breaking down the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the base fluids [27][28][29][30][31]. Table 2 …”

Mixed convection in a rotating eccentric annulus containing nanofluid using bi-orthogonal grid types: A finite volume simulation

“…Adding the solid nanoparticles into the fluids is one of the ways for increasing the heat transfer rate. In spite of the fact that by adding the solid nanoparticles to the fluids, the thermal conductivity of the fluid increases, it also increases the viscosity of the fluid [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In the natural convection flow, increasing the fluid viscosity leads to the decrease of the fluid flow; thus, it has a negative effect on the heat transfer rate.…”