Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod on Assimilate Partitioning in Potato Plants

Wolf, Shmuel; Marani, A.; Rudich, J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a088060

Cited by 99 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Air temperatures at 238C and above increase the number of axillary branches and the leaf appearance and senescence rates (Manrique et al, 1989;Marinus and Bodlaender, 1975). Cooler temperatures promote lower total leaf and branch numbers, but produce larger leaves that remain photosynthetically active for longer periods of time (Benoit et al, 1986;Manrique et al, 1989;Marinus and Bodlaender, 1975;Wolf et al, 1990). Growth temperatures .258C produce plants with elongated stems, smaller leaves, increased internode number, and inhibited tuber development (Borah and Milthorpe, 1962;Steward et al, 1981;Struik et al, 1989).…”

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Temperature Influence on Potato Leaf and Branch Distribution and on Canopy Photosynthetic Rate

2006

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Mature potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kennebec) canopies are composed of leaves originating from main-and axillary-stem branches. Canopy leaf distribution and its corresponding contribution to wholecanopy photosynthetic rates have not been quantified. An experiment using SPAR (Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Research) chambers maintained at 16-h day/night thermoperiods of 14/10, 17/12, 20/15, 23/18, 28/23, and 34/29°C was conducted. Mature canopies were divided into three horizontal layers of equal depth. Canopies were defoliated at each layer, from the ground upward, on successive days. Response curves for photosynthetic rate vs. irradiance were obtained after each defoliation. Leaf area within each layer followed a quadratic relationship with temperature. The largest areas were between 16.6 and 22.1°C. Main-stem leaves accounted for .50% of the total leaf area at temperatures ,22°C, while the proportion of axillary-stem leaf area in each layer increased with temperature. Canopy maximum gross photosynthetic rates, A MAX , before harvest ranged from 9.5 to 34.8 mmol CO 2 m 22 s 21 (production-area basis) and were higher at 14/10, 17/12, and 20/15°C temperatures than at 23/18, 28/23, and 34/29°C. These values were largely related to the quantity of leaf area in each chamber. The value of A MAX and canopy light use efficiency declined as successive canopy layers were removed, primarily due to decreases in canopy light interception. These results indicate that the relative proportion of main-or axillary-stem leaves are not as important for potato canopy modeling considerations as is the need to simulate the correct quantity of leaf area.

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Temperature Influence on Potato Leaf and Branch Distribution and on Canopy Photosynthetic Rate

2006

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“…Several factors could be responsible for this phenomenon. Elevated temperatures lead to (a) increased photorespiration and inhibition of net photosynthesis in leaves (Berry and Bjö rkman, 1980); (b) increased respiration rates and therefore a considerable loss of photosynthate in growing sinks such as roots (Farrar and Williams, 1991); and (c) a reduction of Suc import into storage sinks such as potato tubers (Wolf et al, 1990).…”

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High-Temperature Perturbation of Starch Synthesis Is Attributable to Inhibition of ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase by Decreased Levels of Glycerate-3-Phosphate in Growing Potato Tubers1

Geigenberger¹,

Geiger²,

Stitt³

1998

Plant Physiology

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To investigate the short-term effect of elevated temperatures on carbon metabolism in growing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers, developing tubers were exposed to a range of temperatures between 19°C and 37°C. Incorporation of [ 14 C]glucose (Glc) into starch showed a temperature optimum at 25°C. Increasing the temperature from 23°C or 25°C up to 37°C led to decreased labeling of starch, increased labeling of sucrose (Suc) and intermediates of the respiratory pathway, and increased respiration rates. At elevated temperatures, hexose-phosphate levels were increased, whereas the levels of glycerate-3-phosphate (3PGA) and phosphoenolpyruvate were decreased. There was an increase in pyruvate and malate, and a decrease in isocitrate. The amount of adenine diphosphoglucose (ADPGlc) decreased when tubers were exposed to elevated temperatures. There was a strong correlation between the in vivo levels of 3PGA and ADPGlc in tubers incubated at different temperatures, and the decrease in ADPGlc correlated very well with the decrease in the labeling of starch. In tubers incubated at temperatures above 30°C, the overall activities of Suc synthase and ADPGlc pyrophosphorylase declined slightly, whereas soluble starch synthase and pyruvate kinase remained unchanged. Elevated temperatures led to an activation of Suc phosphate synthase involving a change in its kinetic properties. There was a strong correlation between Suc phosphate synthase activation and the in vivo level of Glc-6-phosphate. It is proposed that elevated temperatures lead to increased rates of respiration, and the resulting decline of 3PGA then inhibits ADPGlc pyrophosphorylase and starch synthesis.

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“…Heat stress alters carbohydrate partitioning in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants from tubers to shoots and reduces overall plant yield (Borah and Milthorpe, 1962;Ewing, 1981;Wolf et al, 1990). The role of enzymes that control SUC metabolism in potato plants under heat stress has not been well characterized.…”

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Effect of High Temperature on Plant Growth and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Potato

1995

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This study was undertaken to determine the role of sucrosemetabolizing enzymes in altered carbohydrate partitioning caused by heat stress. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes characterized as susceptible and tolerant to heat stress were grown at 19/ 17"C, and a subset was transferred to 31/29"C. Data were obtained for plant growth and photosynthesis. Enzyme activity was determined for sucrose-6-phosphate synthase (SPS) in mature leaves and for sucrose synthase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, and UDPglucose pyrophosphorylase in developing tubers of plants. High temperatures reduced growth of tubers more than of shoots. Photosynthetic rates were unaffected or increased slightly at the higher temperature. Heat stress increased accumulation of foliar sucrose and decreased starch accumulation in mature leaves but did not affect glucose. SPS activity increased significantly in mature leaves of plants subjected to high temperature. Changes in SPS activity were probably not due to altered enzyme kinetics. l h e activity of sucrose synthase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase was reduced in tubers, albeit less quickly than leaf SPS activity. There was no interaction of temperature and genotype with regard to the enzymes examined; therefore, observed differences do not account for differences between genotypes in heat susceptibility.

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Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod on Assimilate Partitioning in Potato Plants

Cited by 99 publications

References 17 publications

Temperature Influence on Potato Leaf and Branch Distribution and on Canopy Photosynthetic Rate

Temperature Influence on Potato Leaf and Branch Distribution and on Canopy Photosynthetic Rate

High-Temperature Perturbation of Starch Synthesis Is Attributable to Inhibition of ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase by Decreased Levels of Glycerate-3-Phosphate in Growing Potato Tubers1

Effect of High Temperature on Plant Growth and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Potato

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