Effects of temperature and thermally-induced microstructure change on hydraulic conductivity of Boom Clay

Chen, W.Z.; Ma, Yongshang; Yu, Hongdan; Li, F.F.; Li, X.L.; Sillen, X.

doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2017.03.006

Cited by 70 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…5b. A high temperature increased the hydraulic permeability coefficient k h 32 . Therefore, a rise in voltage www.nature.com/scientificreports/ increased the consolidation coefficient C v 13 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling of electrochemical–temperature–mechanical processes in marine clay during electro-osmotic consolidation

Zou

Yan

Wu-gang

2020

Sci Rep

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electro-osmotic consolidation has been applied in several geotechnical engineering applications that contain a series of complex processes, including electrochemical processes, temperature changes, and mechanical evolution. to explore the combination of electrochemical-temperature-mechanical processes in marine clay, electro-osmotic consolidation experiments were conducted using a selfmade electro-osmotic consolidation system under various durations and voltages. The following findings was obtained: (1) the change in the pH value increased during electro-osmotic consolidation and as the voltage rise; (2) the temperature increased with a rise in voltage in the initial stage of the experiments, which was induced by Joule heating; (3) the temperature rise promoted the electroosmotic consolidation process, which included a rise in the coefficient of consolidation and a reduction in water content; (4) horizontal shrinkage occurred when the horizontal stress increment was greater than the critical stress condition. In addition, the volume difference reached a constant value, and was proportional to the voltage rise. After the discussion, a coupling analysis was conducted, which can help to better understand the mechanism of electro-osmotic consolidation and can provide reference for engineering applications. Civil engineers attempt to use the offshore reclamation method to satisfy the development requirements of coastal cities. For example, Australia (Brisbane, Queensland) 1 , China (Dalian, Jinzhou Bay) 2 , and Singapore 3 carried out coastal reclamation engineering for city planning purposes. Surcharge preloading and vacuum preloading can both be applied successfully in the area of reclamation. However, these two methods face a long construction period in the development of soft clay because the permeability coefficient of clay is low, which is in the range of 10-8 m/s 4. In comparison, electro-osmotic consolidation is independent of the size of soil particles 5. Direct current causes pore water to move from the anode to the cathode 6. Therefore, electro-osmotic consolidation is an effective method to improve the foundation, slope, and subgrade of soft clay. Electro-osmotic consolidation is a complex process, involving electrochemical processes, temperature changes, and mechanical evolution 5. An electrochemical process is a particularly important process during electro-osmotic consolidation. It is responsible for the electrolysis reaction and the transport of ions. Liaki et al. 8 measured the pH value of clay after different electro-osmotic consolidation treatment durations using a stainless steel anode. They found that the pH value steadily decreased near the anode and increased near the cathode. Xue et al. 9 observed that the pH value of clay near a copper anode was higher than that of a stainless steel anode, which was mainly because the product of chlorine consumed the electric charge and there was not much electric charge on the product of H + in copper anode condition. Wu et al. 10 measured the pH value after ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling of electrochemical–temperature–mechanical processes in marine clay during electro-osmotic consolidation

Zou

Yan

Wu-gang

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Chen et al [47] studied the effect of temperature on permeability of Boon clay samples similar to [46] using direct measurement method with modified triaxial cell and reported increase in both vertical and horizontal permeability during heating as well as reversible feature upon cooling. They also compared measured values of permeability at different temperature with predicted results using the effect of temperature on viscosity and density of water (Eq.…”

Section: Permeability (Hydraulic Conductivity)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite of good agreement between measured and predicted results, they noticed that measured values are somewhat lower than predicted ones. Based on these results, it was commented in [47] that other factors could attribute to change in permeability due to change in temperature alongside change in viscosity of water such as microstructural change in clay fabric. Fig.…”

Section: Permeability (Hydraulic Conductivity)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Effect of Temperature Change on Mechanical Parameters of Fine Soils

Hoseinimighani

Szendefy

2021

Period. Polytech. Civil Eng.

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Temperature change in soils and its possible effects date back to 20th century where temperature difference between laboratory and field for sampling made researchers interested in this topic. Due to development of technology and industry nowadays, new engineering applications such as nuclear waste disposal, oil extraction and pipelines, geothermal structures etc. have turned temperature change in soils to one of the high trending research topics where suitable knowledge of thermal effects on soils is required. For this purpose, it is tried at first to highlight the importance of temperature effect on geotechnical design by some examples and possible effect of temperature change on mechanical properties of fine soils are reviewed afterward. Investigation on results from literature proved that temperature change could alter some strength and consolidation parameters of fine soils. Different factors are proposed to be responsible for such thermally induced changes in mechanical parameters, however, existing explanations and comments from literature are diverse and not fully understood yet. In order to fill this gap, it is tried to find connections between different mechanical parameters and their behavior toward temperature change and possibly find a unified approach and factor to explain the mechanism responsible for thermally induced changes in mechanical parameters of fine soils. Finally, at the end, it is concluded that effect of temperature on structural rearrangement of solid particles could be a promising factor to connect the responses of different mechanical parameters toward temperature change.

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“…where K sat is the saturated hydraulic conductivity (cm/s), Q is the quantity of water (cm 3 ), A is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to flow (cm 2 ), t is the time (s) required for Q to be discharged, i is hydraulic gradient, h is the head difference between the top and the bottom of the soil specimen (cm), and L is length of the seepage path (i.e., the height of the sample) (cm). The influence of temperature on saturated permeability cannot be neglected [6,[34][35][36]; therefore, the test apparatus was placed in an SHH-C3000 constant temperature controller (China) with a range of 0-60 • C and an accuracy of 0.1 • C. In this study, 20 • C was set as the standard temperature to avoid the correction of K sat [37]. Moreover, the hydraulic gradient was set to 3 to ensure sufficient discharge for the water chemical analysis.…”

Section: K Sat Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sodium Chloride Concentration on Saturated Permeability of Remolded Loess

Zhang

Qian

et al. 2020

Minerals

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Loess contains many sodium and chloride ions that can easily be leached when seepage occurs, thus affecting the mechanical properties of loess. This study investigated a series of sodium chloride solution concentrations to explore their influence on the permeability of remolded loess, as well as the underlying mechanism of such. The results indicated that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of remolded loess increases with time in response to different sodium chloride concentrations, and the sample was more permeable with increasing concentration. Moreover, the salt effect promoted the dissolution of calcite and dolomite, and the cation exchange stimulated the leaching of other cations, thus leading to further structural loosening. Furthermore, the aggregation of clay particles increased, thus forming a larger pore space among aggregates and providing effective channels for permeation. These findings provide a theoretical basis for an improved understanding of channel degradation in the loess area of Northwest China.

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Effects of temperature and thermally-induced microstructure change on hydraulic conductivity of Boom Clay

Cited by 70 publications

References 26 publications

Coupling of electrochemical–temperature–mechanical processes in marine clay during electro-osmotic consolidation

Coupling of electrochemical–temperature–mechanical processes in marine clay during electro-osmotic consolidation

A Review on Effect of Temperature Change on Mechanical Parameters of Fine Soils

Effect of Sodium Chloride Concentration on Saturated Permeability of Remolded Loess

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