Effects of temperature on instar number and larval development in the endangered longhorn beetle Callipogon relictus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) raised on an artificial diet

Abstract

Callipogon relictus Semenov (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is currently listed in the Red Data Books (Category I) of Russia and South Korea and, in 2006, was designated by the South Korean government as the first invertebrate priority target species in a restoration project. However, the species is also classified as an invasive quarantine pest by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Due to the five-year to seven-year life cycle of the species, experimental information about instar numbers has been poorly documented. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to document the instar numbers of non-diapause Callipogon relictus larvae reared on an artificial diet. Under conditions of 30 °C, 60% relative humidity, and constant dark (0:24 hour light-dark photoperiod), developmental pathways of 8, 10, and 12 instars were observed. The effect of temperature (20, 25, and 30 °C) on the duration of larval development was also examined to identify the optimum temperature for producing Callipogon relictus for conservational purposes. Larvae reared at 30 °C and 60% relative humidity, without a chill period, developed in seven to eight months, which is about one-tenth the duration of C. relictus development under natural conditions and the most rapid development of C. relictus observed to date.

Phylogeographic Investigation of an Endangered Longhorn Beetle, Callipogon relictus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in Northeast Asia: Implications for Future Restoration in Korea

“…It was also reported that the ancestors of C. relictus were not northern or boreal species but rather adapted to the climate of Northeast Asia [4]. Recently, experimental evidence that higher temperatures both accelerate larval development and increase body size was reported [82,87]. An alternative hypothesis for the local extinction or dramatic population decreases of C. relictus in South Korea is that the rapid reduction in population was caused by anthropogenic habitat destruction rather than climate change.…”

Biology, morphology and damage of the lesser Coconut weevil, Diocalandra frumenti (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in southern Vietnam

“…This variability in larvae instar development time may be determined by environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and oxygen levels) and nutritional conditions. Temperature affected the development time of immature stages of Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), Callipogon relictus Semenov (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), and Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) (Keena and Moore 2010;Štefková et al 2017;Yi et al 2019). Li et al (2015) also reported that the development of Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) at 15°C was slower than that at 20, 25, and 30°C in the laboratory.…”

Life history and bionomics ofGlycobius speciosus(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Clytini)

“…Inaccessibility makes deciphering the number of larval instars for any woodborer under natural conditions difficult. It is, therefore, common to rear these insects on artificial diet for instar determination (Yi et al 2019), something beyond the scope of this study.…”