Effects of Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae) essential oil and α-pinene on the detoxifying- and intermediary engaged enzymes of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879 (Lep.: Pyralidae)

Abstract

Effects of Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae) essential oil and α-pinene on the detoxifying-and intermediary engaged enzymes of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879 (Lep.: Pyralidae)Abstract: This study investigated the effect of Teucrium polium L. essential oil (Tp EO) and α-pinene as its major component on the detoxifying-and intermediary-engaged enzymes of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. Fourth instar larvae were separately fed on the treated artificial diets incorporated with LC 50 concentration of Tp EO (4.91 μl ml −1 ) and α-pinene (10.66 μl ml −1 ). After three time intervals (24, 48, 72 hours), larval hemolymph was extracted to determine enzymatic activities. Activity of esterase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were decreased in the treatments compared with the control. No significant differences were observed between some enzymes in the treated larvae highlighting their ineffectively role to detoxify and to metabolize Tp EO and α-pinene in the hemolyph of E. kuehniella larvae. Učinki eteričnih olj in α-pinena iz istrskega vrednika (Teucrium polium L.) na razstrupljevanje in aktivnosti pri tem sodelujočih encimov močne vešče (Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)Izvleček: V raziskavi so bili preučevani učinki eteričnih olj in α-pinena kot njihove glavne sestavine iz istrskega vrednika (Teucrium polium L., Tp EO) na njihovo razstrupljanje in aktivnosti pri tem udeleženih encimv močne vešče (Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879). Ličinke četrtega štadija so bile hranjene z umetnimi pripravki, ki so vsebovali LC 50 koncentracijo Tp EO (4,91 μl ml −1 ) in α-pinena (10,66 μl ml −1 ). Po treh časovnih presledkih (24, 48, 72 ur) je bila za določanje encimske aktivnosti ekstrahirana hemolimfa ličink. Aktivnosti esteraze, alanin in aspartat aminotransferaz, aldolaze, laktat dehidrogenaze in alkalne fofataze so se zmanjšale po obravnavanjih v primerjavi s kontrolo. Pri tretiranih larvah ni bilo značilnih razlik med posameznimi encimi, kar kaže na neučinkovitost fiziologije močne vešče pri tretiranju s Tp EO ali z α-pinenom.Ključne besede: Teucrium polium L.; močna vešča; eterična olja; detoksifikacijski encimi; fenoloksidaza; toksičnost; fiziološki odziv Acta agriculturae Slovenica, 113/2 -2019 252 M. SHAHRIARI et al.

Enzymatic efficacy of Nimbecidine®, a neem extract, against the phosphatases in certain tissues of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

“…Among five tested plants against Musca domestica, treatment of 2nd instar larvae with 25% concentration of Penganum harmala led to a reduction in the activity of ALP (Zahoor et al, 2020). The increasing ALP activity in some tissues of nymphs or adults of S. gregaria, in the present study, might indicate the involvement of this enzyme in detoxification process against Nimbecidine (Hasheminia et al, 2013) or denote an increasing capability of S. gregaria to detoxify this neem preparation (Sharifi et al, 2013). Also, the increase in ALP activity could be due to a juvenoid effect of Nimbecidine since juvenile hormone leads to increase ALP level in S. gregaria (Omar, 2010) or might be due to a disturbance in the physiological balance of midgut (Kamel et al, 2010).…”

Antifeedant and cytotoxic activity of gibberellic acid against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…These enzymes also play a major role in the transphosphorylation reaction and are especially active in the midgut (Sakharov et al ., ). The results of the present study are consistent with reports on the effect of other xenobiotics on H. armigera and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) that demonstrate their involvement in detoxification (Sharifi et al ., ; Bilal et al ., ). The reduced activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in treated larvae could be related to the impaired digestibility of carbohydrates because of the inhibitory effect of GA3 on carbohydrases (Hasheminia et al ., ).…”

Disturbing Effects of the Chitin Synthesis Inhibitors, Novaluron and Diofenolan, on the Phosphatase Activity in the Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).

“…According to the currently available literature, increasing activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) was reported in larvae and/or pupae of many insect species after larval treatment with several insect growth regulators (IGRs)(including chitin synthesis inhibitors, CSIs), such as P. gossypiella by pyriproxyfen (Anan et al, 1993); Spodoptera littoralis by Hexaflumuron (Sokar, 1995), Chlorfluazuron, Flufenoxuron and Pyriproxyfen (Abdel-Aal, 2003), Diflubenzuron, Hexaflumuron, Flufenoxuron, Chlorfluazuron, Lufenuron and Tebufenozide (Anwar and Abd el-Mageed, 2005), Chlorfluazuron (Zohry, 2006), Novaluron and Cyromazine (Hamadah et al, 2016); Earias insulana by pyriproxyfen (Anan et al, 1993); Agrotis ipsilon by pyriproxyfen (El-Sheikh, 2002); Culex pipiens by Cyromazine (Assar et al, 2012); Spodoptera litura by Methoxyfenozide (Jian-jun and Tian, 2009); Musca domestica by Buprofezin, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron, Tebufenozide and Pyriproxyfen (Assar et al, 2010); Ephestia kuehniella by pyriproxyfen (Sharifi et al, 2013); etc. To a great extent, increasing activity of ACP in larvae and pupae of P. gossypiella, as recorded in the present study, are in agreement with those previously reported results, since treatment of full-grown larvae with LC50 values of Novaluron (0.765 ppm) and Diofenolan (0.036 ppm) resulted in elevated activity of ACP in homogenates of larvae (6 hr post-treatment) and pupae (of all ages: 1-, 3-and 7-day old).…”

“…After treatment of full-grown larvae with the tested CSIs, ALP activity was slightly or considerably elevated in the successfully developed pupae, of all ages, by Novaluron while Diofenolan enhanced the mid-and late-aged pupae to attain remarkably high ALP activity. The present results are, to some extent, in agreement with those reported results of increasing ALP activity in certain tissues of some developmental stages of the same insect after treatment with pyriproxyfen (Mostafa, 1993) as well as other insects by different IGRs, such as S. littoralis by Pyriproxyfen (Abdel-Aal, 2003), Diflubenzuron or Lufenuron (Anwar and Abd el-Mageed, 2005), Novaluron, Cyromazine or Diofenolan (Hamadah et al, 2016); E. insulana (Anan et al, 1993) and E. kuehniella (Sharifi et al, 2013) by pyriproxyfen; M. domestica by Buprofezin, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron or Tebufenozide (Assar et al, 2010); Schistocerca gregaria by pyridalyl (Teleb et al, 2012); etc. However, increasing ALP activity in pupae of P. gossypiella after treatment of the full-grown larvae with Novaluron and Diofenolan, in the present study, may indicate the involvement of this enzyme in detoxification process against these CSIs (Shekari et al, 2008).…”