Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins on recognition and spatial rats’ memory

Pitsikas, Nikolaos; Zisopoulou, Styliani; Tarantilis, Petros Α.; Kanakis, Charalabos D.; Polissiou, Moschos G.; Sakellaridis, Nikolaos

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.06.001

Cited by 120 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is an interesting finding showing that saffron extract may be a useful tool for reduction of both metabolic and behavioral stress side effects. The effects of saffron extract on several functions of CNS including learning and memory improvement (Pitsikas & Sakellaridis, 2006;Pitsikas et al, 2007), reduction of anxiety signs (Pitsikas et al, 2008;Hosseinzadeh & Noraei, 2009), improvement of depression (Rios et al, 1996;Schmidt et al, 2007), and Alzheimer's disease (Akhondzadeh et al, 2010) have been indicated in previous studies in human and animal models. In addition, data exist showed that saffron extract can inhibit sigma opioid and NMDA glutamate receptors in vivo (Lechtenberg et al, 2008).…”

Section: Behavior Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of metabolic and behavioral signs of acute stress in male Wistar rats by saffron water extract and its constituent safranal

Hooshmandi

Rohani

Eidi

et al. 2011

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Section: Behavior Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of metabolic and behavioral signs of acute stress in male Wistar rats by saffron water extract and its constituent safranal

Hooshmandi

Rohani

Eidi

et al. 2011

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…Saffron is used in folk medicine as an anodyne, antidepressant, sedative, respiratory decongestant, anticatarrhal, expectorant, antispasmodic, eupeptic, stomachic, carminative, diaphoretic, gingival sedative, aphrodisiac, and emmenagogue (Rios et al, 1996;Abdullaev and Espinosa-Aguirre, 2004). Further, modern pharmacological studies have shown that saffron extract or its active constituents have learning-and memoryimproving properties (Abe and Saito, 2000;Pitsikas et al, 2007), anticonvulsant (Hosseinzadeh and Khosravan, 2002;Hosseinzadeh and Talebzadeh, 2005), antidepressant (Hosseinzadeh et al, 2004;Akhondzadeh et al, 2004), antiinflammatory (Hosseinzadeh and Younesi, 2002), antiischemic Hosseinzadeh et al, 2008;Zheng et al, 2007), and antitumor effects (Abdullaev, 1993(Abdullaev, , 2002Abdullaev and Espinosa-Aguirre, 2004). Radical scavenging, antioxidant activity, and promotion of the diffusivity of oxygen in different tissues were also reported for saffron extract or its bioactive constituents (Rios et al, 1996;Verma and Bordia, 1998;Assimopoulou et al, 2005;Kanakis et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Crocus sativus Stigma Extract and Crocin (trans-crocin 4) on Methyl Methanesulfonate–Induced DNA Damage in Mice Organs

Hosseinzadeh

Abootorabi

Sadeghnia

2008

DNA and Cell Biology

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This study was designed to examine the effect of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus stigmas (CSE) and crocin (trans-crocin 4) on methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced DNA damage in multiple mice organs using comet assay. Adult male NMRI mice in different groups were treated with either physiological saline (10 mL=Kg, intraperitoneal [ip]), CSE (80 mg=Kg, ip), crocin (400 mg=Kg, ip), MMS (120 mg=Kg, ip), and CSE (5, 20, and 80 mg=Kg, ip) 45 min prior to MMS administration or crocin (50, 200, and 400 mg=Kg, ip) 45 min prior to MMS administration. Mice were scarified about 3 h after each different treatment, and the alkaline comet assay was used to evaluate the effect of these compounds on DNA damage in different mice organs. The percent of DNA in the comet tail (% tail DNA) was measured. A significant increase in the % tail DNA was seen in nuclei of different organs of MMS-treated mice. In control groups, no significant difference was found in the % tail DNA between CSE-or crocin-pretreated and saline-pretreated mice. The MMS-induced DNA damage in CSEpretreated mice (80 mg=Kg) was decreased between 2.67-fold (kidney) and 4.48-fold (lung) compared to those of MMS-treated animals alone ( p < 0.001). This suppression of DNA damage by CSE was found to be depended on the dose, which pretreatment with CSE (5 mg=Kg) only reduced DNA damage by 6.97%, 6.57%, 7.27%, and 9.90% in liver, lung, kidney, and spleen, respectively ( p > 0.05 as compared with MMS-treated group). In the same way, crocin also significantly decreased DNA damage by MMS (between 4.69-fold for liver and 6.55-fold for spleen, 400 mg=Kg), in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that there is a genoprotective property in CSE and crocin, as revealed by the comet assay, in vivo.

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“…Crocin is one of the active constituents of saffron which has been reported to enhance memory (Pitsikas et al, 2007). Saffron extract and crocin improved ethanol-induced impairments of learning behaviors in mice, and prevented inhibition of hippocampal long-term potentiation induced by ethanol (Abe and Saito, 2000).…”

Section: Crocus Sativusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal herbs in Iranian traditional medicine for learning and memory

Shojaii¹,

Ghods²,

Fard³

2016

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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Background: There are some factors such as age, stress and emotions that may lead to impaired learning, memory loss, amnesia, and dementia or threats like Schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Traditional Iranian medicine (TIM) recommended some herbs and herbal preparations for treatment or prevention of CNS problems. In this study, the scientific evidences related to effectiveness of TIM herbal medicine on memory and learning will be reviewed. Materials and Methods:The scientific evidences of the plant efficacy were searched in electronic databases including Pub Med, Scopus, SID, Science Direct, and Google Scholar by keywords like memory, Alzheimer, amnesia, learning and scientific plant names from 1969 to 2014. Results: The finding of this study confirmed effectiveness of some of TIM medicinal plants on enhancing memory and learning or in treatment or prevention of amnesia and AD. Some of TIM plants like Melissa officinalis, Crocus sativus and Nigella sativa showed improving effect on memory in clinical trials. In some cases, the active principles responsible for efficacy of these plants on memory were also determined. Conclusion: Most of the studies on TIM plants were designed in animal models and a few herbs were evaluated in clinical trials on AD. Also, for some of the herbal medicine used in TIM, there are no or not enough studies to confirm their effectiveness on memory and learning. Therefore, further experimental and clinical studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of these plants on memory and AD and also to determine the active components of them.

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Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins on recognition and spatial rats’ memory

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

Reduction of metabolic and behavioral signs of acute stress in male Wistar rats by saffron water extract and its constituent safranal

Reduction of metabolic and behavioral signs of acute stress in male Wistar rats by saffron water extract and its constituent safranal

Protective Effect of Crocus sativus Stigma Extract and Crocin (trans-crocin 4) on Methyl Methanesulfonate–Induced DNA Damage in Mice Organs

Medicinal herbs in Iranian traditional medicine for learning and memory

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