Effects of the appearance care on psychosocial outcomes for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose To synthesize the evidence for the immediate and short-term effects of appearance care on psychosocial outcomes in breast cancer patients in order to inform the design of future research and clinical practice.Methods A search of four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science). The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists were used by two reviewers to assess methodology quality. Subgroup analysis was conducted for the different time points measured after intervention.Results Seven studies were eligible for the meta-analysis, including two RCTs and ve quasi-experimental studies, from 1994 to 2022. The type of intervention was mainly grouped-education, led by beauty specialists, and the dose and frequency varied. The quality of included studies was moderate to high. The results showed that appearance care had positive immediate effect on self-esteem (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.89), anxiety (SMD = -0.46, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.31), and depression (SMD = -0.41, 95% CI -0.62 to -0.19), with short-term effects on anxiety (SMD = -0.42, 95% CI -0.54 to -0.34), depression (SMD = -0.41, 95% CI -0.55 to -0.26) and sexual function (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.81).The effect of appearance care on body image and quality of life was uncertain.Conclusion Appearance care could be a promising intervention to improve self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and sexual function among patients with breast cancer. More high-quality RCTs are needed to validate these ndings. Online appearance care programs and exploration of long-term effects should also be considered.

Effect of personalized care based on OPT model on perceived control and quality of life among patients with breast cancer

“…Many researchers have carried out a series of research work to improve the level of perceived control and the QoL of patients with BC, such as psychological education intervention (22)(23)(24)(25)(26), nursing self-care educational intervention (27) and Web/or telephone intervention (28)(29)(30)(31), physical activities (11,(32)(33)(34)(35), the appearance care (36), self-disclosure intervention (37), community based intervention (38). Although these projects have achieved satisfactory results, there are few comprehensive methods including postoperative physical, psychological and social rehabilitation.…”

Influence of body image on quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing breast reconstruction: Mediating of self‐esteem

“…Breast reconstruction is a surgical method that restores the removed breast to its original shape as much as possible by autografting or inserting an implant. Unlike mastectomy, breast reconstruction is an elective procedure that was not widely performed in the past due to concerns about high costs and complications, as well as lack of knowledge about breast reconstruction (Phoosuwan & Lundberg, 2022; Thakur et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022). The number of breast reconstructions is increasing as national health insurance became available for breast reconstruction in 2015, and the treatment methods were diversified (Ahn & Suh, 2021; Lundberg & Phoosuwan, 2022).…”

“…Breast cancer is one of the continuously increasing cancers worldwide, and is the most common female's cancer (Bandani‐Susan et al, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022). Breast cancer in South Korea ranks the first (20.5%) among female cancers due to early menarche and late menopause, low fertility, decreased lactation, westernised diet, and early detection through activated breast examination (Korean Breast Cancer Society, 2020).…”

“…In addition, it is reported to relieve physical discomfort caused by breast loss, help in regaining a positive body image, and provide a foothold for returning to a new daily life (Phoosuwan & Lundberg, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022), thereby ultimately contributing to the improvement of the quality of life by reducing the decline of body image and sense of loss caused by breast removal and restoring femininity (Bandani‐Susan et al, 2022; Kim & Kim, 2020; Rautalin et al, 2022). However, behind the increasing selection of breast reconstruction, there are reports of cases of not receiving sufficient information in the decision‐making process, consuming mental and physical energy for a long time, and regretting having undergone breast reconstruction (Kim & Kim, 2020; Schmidt et al, 2017; Zhu et al, 2022). Therefore, it is deemed necessary for the medical staff caring for breast cancer patients to provide reliable information to the patient in advance, as well as assistance through sufficient counselling, so that the patient can choose whether to undergo breast reconstruction after careful consideration.…”

“…For breast cancer patients, breast reconstruction is significant not only for reconstructing an abnormal body, but also for restoring damaged self‐esteem and sexual self (Kim & Kim, 2020). In addition, it is reported to relieve physical discomfort caused by breast loss, help in regaining a positive body image, and provide a foothold for returning to a new daily life (Phoosuwan & Lundberg, 2022; Zhu et al, 2022), thereby ultimately contributing to the improvement of the quality of life by reducing the decline of body image and sense of loss caused by breast removal and restoring femininity (Bandani‐Susan et al, 2022; Kim & Kim, 2020; Rautalin et al, 2022). However, behind the increasing selection of breast reconstruction, there are reports of cases of not receiving sufficient information in the decision‐making process, consuming mental and physical energy for a long time, and regretting having undergone breast reconstruction (Kim & Kim, 2020; Schmidt et al, 2017; Zhu et al, 2022).…”