Effects of the cigarette smoking on the newborn clinikal parametrs and the accumulation of cadmium and lead in the placenta of women from Upper Silesia

Suprewicz, Katarzyna; Kozikowska, Iwona; Chrobaczyńska-Dylag, Magdalena; Gał, Anna; Piekarz, Anna; Sikora, Jerzy; Sławska, Helena; Stawarz, Robert

doi:10.17772/gp/1639

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…They were representative for the area characterized by moderate Pb levels in the environment. The results are consistent with previous studies on the transport of Pb through the placenta to the cord blood [ 20 , 21 ]. Our study also showed a significant and strong correlation between Pb levels in the blood of the mother and the child.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Environmental Lead (Pb) Exposure Versus Fatty Acid Content in Blood and Milk of the Mother and in the Blood of Newborn Children

Baranowska-Bosiacka

Kosińska

Jamioł

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Significant progress in understanding the effects of the neurotoxic action of lead (Pb) in young organisms had led to reduction of “safe” level in the blood (Pb-B) to 5 μg/dL in children and pregnant women. Prolonged exposure to relatively low levels of Pb, generally asymptomatic and subclinical (i.e., microintoxication), is currently the dominant form of environmental poisoning, and its negative effects on health may appear after many years, e.g., secondary contamination from Pb bone deposits released in pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental exposure (urban areas) of mothers to Pb, on its levels in their milk and blood and in the blood of newborns. Moreover, the aim was to determine the fatty acid profile in the mothers’ blood and milk and in the blood of newborns. We also wanted to find if infant birth weight depends on Pb blood levels, as well as on Pb and fatty acid levels in the blood and milk of the mothers. Finally, we examined if the mothers’ weight and body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy influenced the concentration of Pb and fatty acid profile in the blood and milk of mothers and in the blood of their children. Analysis of fatty acids elaidic (C18:1, 9t), oleic (C18:1, 9c), vaccenic (C18:1, 11t), cis-vaccenic (C18:1, 11c), linoleic (C18:2, cis), γ-linolenic (C18:3, n-6), α-linolenic (C18:3, n-3), arachidonic (C20:4, n-6), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5, n-3), and docosahexaenoic (C22:6, n-3) was conducted by gas chromatography. The concentration of Pb in the whole blood and milk were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace atomization and Zeeman correction. Our study established a significant and strong correlation between the content of Pb in the blood of the mother and the child. This supports the assumption that the transport of Pb through the placenta is neither regulated nor selective. Environmental maternal exposure to lead resulting in Pb-B levels considered safe for pregnant women had no effect on infant birth weight, the concentration of fatty acids in the blood and milk of mothers, or in the blood of newborns. Mothers’ weight and BMI before pregnancy had no effect on the concentration of Pb and studied fatty acid profile.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our study also showed a significant and strong correlation between Pb levels in the blood of the mother and the child. This supports the idea that the transport of Pb through the placenta is neither regulated nor selective [ 21 ]. A woman’s body during pregnancy is burdened with additional demands.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Environmental Lead (Pb) Exposure Versus Fatty Acid Content in Blood and Milk of the Mother and in the Blood of Newborn Children

Baranowska-Bosiacka

Kosińska

Jamioł

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…In Central and Eastern Europe, especially in the former communist countries, smoking prevalence increased in the 1990s, particularly among women (7,12), with the exception of Croatia and the Czech Republic (10,13). In a nationally representative study conducted in Romania by the Ministry of Health in 2003, 27% of women between the ages of 15-44 years were current smokers (14), despite a declining trend of smoking among the general population in Romania from 35% in 2000 to 26.7% in 2011 (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Smoking and Associated Behavioural Risk Factors before and during Pregnancy - Prevalence and Attitudes among Newborns' Mothers in Mures County, Romania

Ruta

Avram

Voidăzan

et al. 2016

Cent Eur J Public Health

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SUMMARYBackground and Aim: Smoking before, during and after pregnancy leads to detrimental outcomes on maternal and foetal health and represents an important public health issue. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of smoking before and during pregnancy in a sample of Romanian women.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among mothers (N = 1,278) in three maternity hospitals in Tirgu-Mures, Romania, immediately after childbirth, in 2014. We evaluated the prevalence of smoking before and during pregnancy and used binary logistic regression to assess the influence of socio-demographics and other health behaviour factors in three groups of women: non-smoking pregnant women, women who continued smoking during pregnancy, and smokers who quit during pregnancy.Results: 30% of the interviewed mothers were smokers prior to pregnancy, of whom 43.3% continued smoking during pregnancy. Women with a family income of less than 100 Euro/month (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.02-8.83) and those who were unemployed (OR = 13.2, 95% CI: 3.90-44.79) had increased odds of continued smoking versus quitting during pregancy in multivariable analyses. Women who continued smoking during pregnancy were also more likley to be of lower socioeconomic status than never smokers (OR = 14.1, 95% CI: 4.97-39.6).Conclusions: A high percentage of women of reproductive age smoke and continue to smoke despite their knowledge about risks of smoking during pregnancy. Smoking prior to and during pregnancy is predominantly associated with lower socioeconomic status. Women with limited economic means should be a high priority target group for smoking cessation interventions.

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“…Women are thought to be at greater risk of increased Cd accumulation [27,28] as Cd can accumulate in the ovary. An epidemiological survey reported that Cd in smokers is higher than in nonsmokers [29][30][31]. Cd directly affects the ovary and uterus, resulting in pathological changes, such as ovarian effusion, bleeding, and atrophies [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ivermectin and Allium cepa Protect against Cadmium-Induced Ovarian and Uterine Damage in Adult Wistar Rats

Dare

2022

PAJOLS

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Background: Female reproductive organs are more susceptible to the risk of increased cadmium accumulation. Ivermectin is a known therapeutic drug in general medicine, while Allium cepa possesses antioxidant ability. This study investigated the effects of Ivermectin and Allium cepa on cadmium-induced ovarian and uterine damage in adult Wistar rats. Methodology: Twenty-Eight adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group (A); control group, Group (B); treated with 1.2 mg/kg b.w of Ivermectin, Group (C); treated with 1.2 mg/kg BW of Ivermectin and 2 mg/kg BW Cadmium respectively, Group (D); treated with 2 mg/kg BW Cadmium, Group (E); treated with 2 mg/kg BW Cadmium and 1.5 ml Allium cepa respectively, and Group (F); treated with 1.5 ml Allium cepa. The administration was done orogastrically and daily for four weeks. Animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation twenty- four hours after the last administration, Ovary and Uterus excised following abdominal incision, tissues for histological observation fixed in Bouins’ fluid for H/E stain, Masson trichrome, fuelgen stain, and toluidine blue stain respectively. Samples for enzymes assay were homogenized in 5% sucrose solution for lipid peroxidation using; MDA and the antioxidant enzymes using SOD and CAT. Result: Cadmium treatment exerted oxidative stress, elevated the enzyme markers for oxidative damage in the ovary and uterus, and increased lipid peroxidation leading to cell membrane damage. Histological alterations, degeneration of ovarian follicles, and loss of endometrial lining characterized the animals exposed to cadmium. Allium cepa increased the antioxidant enzymes; SOD and CAT while lowering the MDA activities in Cadmium-induced oxidative stress. Histological integrity of the ovary and uterus was maintained; follicular development was evident at various stages, and the endometrial lining integrity was maintained. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the protective role of Allium cepa and Ivermectin against cadmium toxicity on the reproductive organs in female adult Wistar rats

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Effects of the cigarette smoking on the newborn clinikal parametrs and the accumulation of cadmium and lead in the placenta of women from Upper Silesia

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental Lead (Pb) Exposure Versus Fatty Acid Content in Blood and Milk of the Mother and in the Blood of Newborn Children

Environmental Lead (Pb) Exposure Versus Fatty Acid Content in Blood and Milk of the Mother and in the Blood of Newborn Children

Active Smoking and Associated Behavioural Risk Factors before and during Pregnancy - Prevalence and Attitudes among Newborns' Mothers in Mures County, Romania

Ivermectin and Allium cepa Protect against Cadmium-Induced Ovarian and Uterine Damage in Adult Wistar Rats

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