Effects of the Duration of Ying Yang Bao Consumption on Hemoglobin Concentration in Infants and Young Children in Less Developed Areas of China

Feng, Jing; Wang, Yongjun; Liu, Tingting; Huo, Junsheng; Zhuo, Qin; Gong, Zhaolong

doi:10.3390/nu14214539

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The average effect was an increase in Hb concentration by 2.189 g/L and a 32.9 percentage point decrease in the prevalence of anemia. These findings were not in agreement with those of Feng et al, who concluded that YYB significantly improved Hb levels and reduced anemia prevalence during the 1st-9th mo of intervention, but was not effective in the 10th-18th mo of intervention, and the greatest impacts were found at the 7th-9th mo of intervention [9]. The study by Huo et al showed that Hb was positively influenced by the duration of YYB consumption and the number of sachets per week only for the duration of YYB consumption ≤6 mo, but not >6 mo, by linear regression analysis [33].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

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Yingyangbao Reduced Anemia among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months When Delivered through a Large-Scale Nutrition Improvement Program for Children in Poor Areas in China from 2015 to 2020

et al. 2023

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of intervention with Yingyangbao (YYB) on hemoglobin (Hb) and anemia status among infants and young children (IYC) aged 6–23 months (mo) through a large-scale Nutrition Improvement Program for Children in Poor Areas (NIPCPA) in China from 2015 to 2020. Five rounds of cross-sectional surveys were conducted using a stratified and multi-stage probability proportional to size sampling of IYC in 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Multivariable regression analyses were fitted to determine the effectiveness of the YYB intervention on Hb and anemia, respectively. A total of 36,325, 40,027, 43,831, 44,375 and 46,050 IYC aged 6–23 mo were included, and the prevalence of anemia was 29.7%, 26.9%, 24.1%, 21.2% and 18.1% in 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Compared with the results in 2015, the Hb concentrations significantly improved and anemia prevalence significantly decreased among IYC in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 (p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that higher YYB consumption was significantly associated with the increment in Hb concentration and reduction in anemia stratified by age group (p < 0.001). The most significant increment in Hb concentration of 2.189 mg/L and the most significant reduction in odds of anemia were observed among IYC aged 12–17 mo who consumed 270 to 359 sachets of YYB (OR: 0.671; 95% CI: 0.627, 0.719; p < 0.001). This study suggests that YYB intervention is a successful public health strategy for reducing the risk of anemia among IYC when delivered through a large-scale NIPCPA in China. It is necessary to continue to advance the program and increase the adherence of YYB.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Despite several studies reporting the ability of YYB to reduce anemia [7][8][9], evidence of the effectiveness of YYB in large-scale program settings is limited. It is necessary to systematically evaluate the improvement in the anemia of IYC at scale through NIPCPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yingyangbao Reduced Anemia among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months When Delivered through a Large-Scale Nutrition Improvement Program for Children in Poor Areas in China from 2015 to 2020

et al. 2023

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“…The Ministry of Health and the All-China Women’s Federation have jointly implemented the Nutrition Improvement Project on Children in Poor Areas of China (NIPCPAC) since 2012, providing a free pack of Ying Yang Bao (YYB), which contains a variety of essential nutrients and serves as home fortification for complementary feeding, for infants and young children (IYC) aged 6 to 24 months daily in poverty-stricken counties in China, to better the nutritional status of IYC [ 31 ]. Then, the Long-term Health Effects Assessment Project of Infants and Toddlers Nutritional Pack (LHEAPITNP), a prospective study, was launched in 2018 aiming to evaluate the short and long-term effects of YYB intervention in early life.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between Polygenic Risk Score, Vitamin D Status and BMI-for-Age z Score in Chinese Preschool Children

Peng,

Liu,

Han

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background: Both genetics and vitamin D deficiency are associated with childhood obesity. However, the role of vitamin D status between polygenic and childhood obesity has been unknown. The current study aimed to determine the relation between genetic factors, vitamin D status, and BMI-for-age z score (zBMI) in Chinese preschool children. Methods: A total of 1046 participants aged 3.7 to 6.6 years old from the Long-term Health Effects Assessment Project of Infants and Toddlers Nutritional Pack (LHEAPITNP) were included in this study. The polygenic risk score (PRS) was established based on 55 BMI-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from a published genome-wide association study (GWAS) for BMI. Serum 25(OH)D was used as an index of vitamin D status and measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) assay. The Wilcoxon test or Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the differences of variables between different groups and Spearman correlation analysis was used for analyzing the correlations between the PRS, 25(OH)D levels, and zBMI. Results: The PRS showed a positive relation to zBMI (rs = 0.0953, p = 0.0022) and 25(OH)D showed a negative relation to zBMI (rs = −0.1082, p = 0.0005) in the full-adjustment model. In addition, the differences in zBMI at different vitamin D statuses in the low-risk PRS group and the intermediate-risk PRS group were both statistically significant (plow = 0.0308, pintermediate = 0.0121), the median zBMI was both higher at vitamin D insufficiency status. And the difference in zBMI between different genetic risk groups was also statistically significant at vitamin D sufficiency status (p = 0.0077). Furthermore, genetic risk showed a positive relation to zBMI at vitamin D sufficiency status, and the p for trend was 0.0028. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that vitamin D was related to zBMI negatively in Chinese preschoolers and maintaining adequate vitamin D levels may only contribute to lower the zBMI in preschoolers with low and intermediate genetic susceptibility.

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“…In addition, infants and young children (IYC) aged 6–24 months have a higher anemia rate than other age groups. The prevalence of anemia in 6- to 24-month-old IYC of China was 36.9% overall and up to 42.0% in rural areas [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Ying Yang Bao on Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6–60 Months in Underdeveloped Rural Areas of China

Feng,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The Ying Yang Bao (YYB) intervention, a national policy in China, has been implemented for over two decades. Most previous studies have focused only on the short-term effects of YYB, while the long-term effects remain unexplored. This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effects of YYB in children aged 6–60 months. A sample of 4666 children was divided into intervention and control groups. Information on basic characteristics, physical examination, YYB consumption, etc., was obtained annually from 2018 to 2021. T-tests or chi-square tests were used to compare differences between the groups for continuous or categorical variables. Children in the intervention group showed greater incremental improvements in hemoglobin levels and physical development (p < 0.05). Prevalence of anemia, underweight, and stunting were lower in the intervention group than in the control group (all p < 0.05). Two-level regression models were constructed to assess the long-term effects of YYB. YYB reduced the risk of anemia and wasting by 37% (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52–0.75) and 49% (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39–0.67), respectively. This study indicates that YYB could significantly improve the nutritional status of children aged 6–60 months in underdeveloped rural areas of China.

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Effects of the Duration of Ying Yang Bao Consumption on Hemoglobin Concentration in Infants and Young Children in Less Developed Areas of China

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Yingyangbao Reduced Anemia among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months When Delivered through a Large-Scale Nutrition Improvement Program for Children in Poor Areas in China from 2015 to 2020

Yingyangbao Reduced Anemia among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months When Delivered through a Large-Scale Nutrition Improvement Program for Children in Poor Areas in China from 2015 to 2020

Relation between Polygenic Risk Score, Vitamin D Status and BMI-for-Age z Score in Chinese Preschool Children

The Effects of Ying Yang Bao on Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6–60 Months in Underdeveloped Rural Areas of China

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