Effects of the February 2012 cold spell on terrestrial birds wintering in France

Lormée, Hervé; Ferrand, Yves; Bastat, Claudine; Coreau, Damien; Gössmann, F.; Trolliet, B.; Roux, Denis; Éraud, Cyril; Boutin, Jean-Marie

doi:10.1080/03078698.2013.869899

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Hoodless, unpubl. data (Gossmann & Ferrand, 1998;Lormée et al, 2013). Our data suggest that first-winter woodcock may be affected disproportionately if cold spells involve very low temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…In France, it is known that cold spells increase woodcock mortality (Gossmann & Ferrand, 1998;Lormée et al, 2013;Péron et al, 2011 = 77.23 p = .022* p < .001*** p = .050 p < .001*** 780 kJ. Our data, therefore, suggest that woodcock were able to cope adequately with these temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Once permanently frozen conditions set in, our data suggest that there is the potential for woodcock to starve to death within a week. In France, it is known that cold spells increase woodcock mortality (Gossmann & Ferrand, ; Lormée et al., ; Péron et al., ). The temperature inland is, on average, 3°C lower than at the coast (http://www.metoffice.gov.uk).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower temperatures than those encountered in our study would impact woodcock reserves more rapidly, and minimum temperatures below −5°C would prevent the ground thawing during the day and prevent woodcock feeding in Scotland and England (Table ). The effects on woodcock documented during cold spells in France occurred when minimum daily temperatures were below −5°C (Gossmann & Ferrand, ; Lormée et al., ). Our data suggest that first‐winter woodcock may be affected disproportionately if cold spells involve very low temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of body reserves in a hunted wader: Implications for cold‐weather shooting restrictions

Sánchez-García

Williams

Hoodless

2018

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Severe winter weather can reduce avian energetic reserves. At such times, reducing disturbance, and therefore energy expenditure, through science‐based policy is crucial to mitigating negative impacts on survival. We used allometric equations to examine the energy reserves of Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola, a popular quarry species across most of Europe, in relation to time of winter, location and temperature. We used data from 221 dissected birds, shot in Britain in two winters (2013/14, 2014/15), and 1,689 live birds captured during six consecutive winters (2010/11 to 2015/16). Woodcock are able to store large amounts of energy as fat in mid‐winter and increase energy reserves as night air temperature drops to below 0°C, provided the ground thaws during the day. In the event of cold weather in Britain, the mean potential flight distance of woodcock, based on mobilizable energy estimates of shot birds, is 860 km. If they do not move away, woodcock could withstand frozen conditions without feeding for a mean of 6 days. Synthesis and applications. To reduce the effects of cold weather on Eurasian woodcock S. rusticola, shooting should be restricted before energy reserves are depleted. Current policies vary across Europe, but our results suggest that restrictions should come into force sooner, after 4 days of continually frozen ground at inland sites. Restrictions should cover large regions and remain in operation for 7 days after the end of the cold spell.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Regulation of body reserves in a hunted wader: Implications for cold‐weather shooting restrictions

Sánchez-García

Williams

Hoodless

2018

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Winter cold extremes have adverse impacts on various human and natural systems (e.g., Roland and Matter, 2014;Sheridan and Allen, 2015). For example, the February 2012 cold spell in Eurasia led to the deaths of more than 600 people (WMO, 2012), massive terrestrial bird mortality (Lormée et al, 2013), and severe damages in vineyards (Planchon et al, 2015). The cold wave and snowstorm that occurred over North America in early 2014 was blamed for economic losses in excess of 3 billion USD (LeComte, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links between atmospheric blocking and North American winter cold spells in two generations of Canadian Earth System Model large ensembles

Jeong

Cannon

2021

Preprint

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Due to the significant negative consequences of winter cold extremes, there is need to better understand and simulate the mechanisms driving their occurrence. The impact of atmospheric blocking on winter cold spells over North America is investigated using ERA-Interim and NCEP-DOE-R2 reanalyses for 1981–2010. Initial-condition large-ensembles of two generations of Canadian Earth System Models (CanESM5 and its predecessor, CanESM2) are evaluated in terms of their ability to represent the blocking-cold spell linkage and the associated internal-variability. The reanalysis datasets show that 72% and 58% of cold spells in southern and northern North America coincide with blocking occurring in the high-latitude Pacific-North America. Compared to the two reanalyses, CanESM2 and CanESM5 ensembles underestimate by 19.9% and 14.3% cold spell events coincident with blocking, due to significant under-representation of blocking frequency over the north Pacific (-47.1% and − 29.0%), whereas biases in cold spell frequency are relatively small (6.6% and − 4.7%). In the reanalyses, regions with statistically significant above-normal cold spell frequency relative to climatology lie on the east and/or south flanks of blocking events, whereas those with below-normal frequency lie along the core or surrounding the blocking. The two ensembles reproduce the observed blocking-cold spell linkage over North America, despite underestimating the magnitude of blocking frequency. The two ensembles also reproduce the physical drivers that underpin the blocking-cold spell linkage. Spatial agreement with the reanalyses is found in the simulated patterns of temperature advection and surface heat flux forcing anomalies during blocking events. While CanESM5 shows an improved representation of the blocking climatology relative to CanESM2, both yield similar results in terms of the blocking-cold spell linkage and associated internal-variability.

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Links between atmospheric blocking and North American winter cold spells in two generations of Canadian Earth System Model large ensembles

Jeong

Cannon

2021

Clim Dyn

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Due to the significant negative consequences of winter cold extremes, there is need to better understand and simulate the mechanisms driving their occurrence. The impact of atmospheric blocking on winter cold spells over North America is investigated using ERA-Interim and NCEP-DOE-R2 reanalyses for 1981–2010. Initial-condition large-ensembles of two generations of Canadian Earth System Models (CanESM5 and its predecessor, CanESM2) are evaluated in terms of their ability to represent the blocking-cold spell linkage and the associated internal-variability. The reanalysis datasets show that 72 and 58% of cold spells in southern and northern North America coincide with blocking occurring in the high-latitude Pacific-North America. Compared to the two reanalyses, CanESM2 and CanESM5 ensembles underestimate by 19.9 and 14.3% cold spell events coincident with blocking, due to significant under-representation of blocking frequency over the North Pacific (− 47.1 and − 29.0%), whereas biases in cold spell frequency are relatively small (6.6 and − 4.7%). In the reanalyses, regions with statistically significant above-normal cold spell frequency relative to climatology lie on the east and/or south flanks of blocking events, whereas those with below-normal frequency lie along the core or surrounding the blocking. The two ensembles reproduce the observed blocking-cold spell linkage over North America, despite underestimating the magnitude of blocking frequency. The two ensembles also reproduce the physical drivers that underpin the blocking-cold spell linkage. Spatial agreement with the reanalyses is found in the simulated patterns of temperature advection and surface heat flux forcing anomalies during blocking events. While CanESM5 shows an improved representation of the blocking climatology relative to CanESM2, both yield similar results in terms of the blocking-cold spell linkage and associated internal-variability.

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Effects of the February 2012 cold spell on terrestrial birds wintering in France

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Regulation of body reserves in a hunted wader: Implications for cold‐weather shooting restrictions

Regulation of body reserves in a hunted wader: Implications for cold‐weather shooting restrictions

Links between atmospheric blocking and North American winter cold spells in two generations of Canadian Earth System Model large ensembles

Links between atmospheric blocking and North American winter cold spells in two generations of Canadian Earth System Model large ensembles

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