Effects of the Formation of Copolymer on the Interfacial Adhesion between Semicrystalline Polymers

Boucher, E.; Folkers, John P.; Hervet, H.; Léger, Liliane; Creton, Costantino

doi:10.1021/ma9509422

Cited by 137 publications

(235 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Thus, attainment of better properties in immiscible polymer blends demands improvement in miscibility. Addition of block or graft copolymers as compatibilizer during processing helps in reducing interfacial tension and increasing interfacial adhesion through bridging or making entanglement between the polymers that improves the compatibility of the blends [17][18][19][20][21]. Many research groups [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] have reported nanoclay as a good compatibilizer in immiscible polymer blends over the past several years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Nanocomposite

Babu

Mettilda

2014

Journal of Applied Chemistry

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Polyoxymethylene is a material which has excellent mechanical properties similar to Nylon-6 filled with 30% GF. 75% POM and 25% glass fibre (POMGF) were blended with nanoclay to increase the tensile and flexural properties. Samples were extruded in twin screw extruder to blend POMGF and (1%, 3%, and 5%) Cloisite 25A nanoclay and specimens were prepared by injection moulding process. The tensile properties, flexural properties, impact strength, and hardness were investigated for the nanocomposites. The fibre pull-outs, fibre matrix adhesion, and cracks in composites were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy. 1% POMGF nanocomposite has low water absorption property. Addition of nanoclay improves the mechanical properties and thermal properties marginally. Improper blending of glass fibre and nanoclay gives low tensile strength and impact strength. SEM image shows the mixing of glass fibre and nanoclay among which 1% POMGF nanocomposite shows better properties compared to others. The thermal stability decreased marginally only with the addition of nanoclay.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Nanocomposite

Babu

Mettilda

2014

Journal of Applied Chemistry

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“…It is not surprising that increased crystallinity leads to stronger interfacial adhesion, as proved by other researchers as well. 4,5 Faster take-up speeds also lead to smaller thickness, giving rise to faster cooling rate as equation (2) suggested. Faster cooling rate will also result in stronger adhesion as discussed above.…”

Section: Co-extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The edges of bilayer samples were trimmed with a razor blade. Asymmetric dual cantilever beam adhesion tests 4,5 were conducted 24 h after lamination. At least three samples were tested for each experimental measurement, and the mean values as well as the s.d.…”

Section: Laminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adhesion between polyethylenes and different types of polypropylenes

Song

Bringuier

Kobayashi

et al. 2012

Polym J

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To understand the effect of processing and co-monomer content on interfacial adhesion, we quantified adhesion levels of bilayers of a polyethylene (PE) with various polypropylenes (PPs) prepared using bilayer co-extrusion and lamination processes. We tested adhesion between a medium-density PE (MDPE) with different types of PPs, including impact-modified PP (with various amount of ethylene), isotactic PP and ethylene-propylene random copolymers. Increasing the concentration of ethylene or ethylene-propylene rubber gave rise to increased adhesion. The impact-modified PP with 20 wt% ethylene content exhibited adhesion with MDPE almost two orders of magnitude higher compared with other PPs. Although lamination and co-extrusion processes showed good agreement in these trends with ethylene content, the operation parameters are critical for adhesion control. For lamination, ice-water cooling generated a stronger adhesion than that with air cooling. Faster cooling rates in co-extrusion also gave rise to stronger adhesion. Increasing draw down ratio and varying flow rate to put the interface near the wall resulted in stronger adhesion. Fast quenching rate and increased crystallinity induced by drawing down are believed to be the causes. Both atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopic images exhibited roughened interfaces for samples with strong adhesion. Keywords: adhesion; crystallization; extrusion; interface; polyethylene; polypropylene INTRODUCTION Polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) are the first and second highest-volume thermoplastics based on worldwide consumption. 1 The advent of catalysis chemistry, new applications and an expanded user base are projected to fuel the growth of these polyolefins. PE and iPP are low-cost materials providing good mechanical properties for moderate temperature applications.Melt blending is frequently used to extend the property range of polymers. It is also an attractive approach for recycling mixed polymer waste streams. Despite the fact that PP and PE are similar, these two polymers are thermodynamically immiscible. The incompatibility of PP and PE results in blends that have extremely low fracture strain and poor toughness. For instance, when PP and PE blends are cooled from their molten state, each phase 'solidifies by chain-folding into extended crystalline lamellae sandwiched between amorphous regions composed of disorganized looping sections of polymer' . 2 To improve the compatibility of these two polymers, compatibilizers are usually required. To be effective, the

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“…This quantity can be measured, for example, by asymmetric double cantilever beam test (wedge test). 2,[5][6][7] In this simple method the crack is formed by inserting a razor blade at the interface, and its length ahead of the blade is measured. From the data measured, the fracture toughness of the interface G a can be calculated using the expressions derived from finite elasticity theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture toughness of interface of polyethylene modified in bulk

Hojko

Cifra

Bleha

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The fracture toughness of the interface, G a , of the self-healed joints of poly(ethylene) (PE) was measured using the wedge method. Samples of PE modified by mixing with three additives (branched low-molecular weight PE, a graphite filler, and polypropylene oil) were investigated. The development of the strength of partially healed joints formed by several hours of contact at a welding temperature of 105°C can be represented in all cases by the linear dependence of the G a parameter on the square root of time, in accordance with the diffusion mechanism of the interface formation. The presence of the additive in samples was found to enhance the fracture toughness of a joint for a given welding time. In the graphite composites, an induction period of welding was observed. In contrast, an instant nonzero strength occurred in joints of PE with PP oil samples. The results confirmed that the concept of the chain entanglement control of fracture toughness developed originally for the glassy polymers is well transferable to the semicrystalline PE. However, additional mechanisms due to the crystallization of PE upon cooling are also effective in the development of the joint strength. These mechanisms denoted as cocrystallization, transcrystallization, local crystallization, mechanical interlocking, etc., are substantially affected by the concentration of additives.

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Effects of the Formation of Copolymer on the Interfacial Adhesion between Semicrystalline Polymers

Cited by 137 publications

References 28 publications

Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Nanocomposite

Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Nanocomposite

Adhesion between polyethylenes and different types of polypropylenes

Fracture toughness of interface of polyethylene modified in bulk

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