Effects of the Gabaergic Drug, Sodium Valproate, on the Prolactin Release Evoked by Pharmacological Stimuli in Normal Women

Melis, Gian Benedetto; Fruzzetti, Franca; Paoletti, Anna Maria; Mais, Valerio; Beneventi, Fausta; Trimarchi, Giancarlo; Fioretti, P.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1984.tb00080.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Early studies in normal (short-term VPA use) and epileptic (long-term VPA use) populations did not indicate an effect of VPA on prolactin [150,[167][168][169]. In 1988, Bilo et al found increased concentrations of prolactin in a female epileptic population but could not definitively relate it to AED use, or VPA use in particular [139].…”

Section: Prolactinmentioning

confidence: 92%

Valproate and Neuroendocrine Changes in Relation to Women Treated for Epilepsy and Bipolar Disorder: A Review

Reynolds¹,

Sisk²,

Rasgon³

2007

CMC

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Valproic acid (2-n-propylpentanoic acid, VPA) is well-established as a mood-stabilizer for bipolar disorder, in addition to its application as a treatment in neurological disorders such as epilepsy, migraine headaches, and chronic neuropathic pain. Its mechanisms of actions in any of the disorders have not yet been fully elucidated but currently include GABA-ergic inhibitory effects, the suppression of NMDA-mediated excitatory neurotransmission, and possibly effects on monoamines and cerebral glucose metabolism. Given the rising use of VPA by women of reproductive age for various conditions it is increasingly important to understand how VPA affects reproductive and metabolic function in women, yet a number of key issues regarding VPA use in women of reproductive age remain unclear. These include the question of whether VPA use is associated with the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-like features (such as elevated androgen concentrations and/or chronic anovulation). The metabolic effects of VPA use, particularly on insulin sensitivity and weight gain, are also important to understand. Lastly, questions of VPA use during pregnancy and lactation require continued attention. This article reviews the current understanding of VPA's mechanisms of action, effects on the reproductive and metabolic system, and teratogenic qualities, highlighting important future areas of study.

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Section: Prolactinmentioning

confidence: 92%

Valproate and Neuroendocrine Changes in Relation to Women Treated for Epilepsy and Bipolar Disorder: A Review

Reynolds¹,

Sisk²,

Rasgon³

2007

CMC

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“…Similarly, in our patients (receiving PB and/or VPA), the elevation of mean basal PRL does not seem related to an AED effect. In fact, previous studies in normal women have never shown increased PRL levels after PB administration (Rosadini et al, 1983;Luoma et al, 1984), and VPA has been reported to blunt PRL levels in women (Melis et al, 1982(Melis et al, , 1984Giroud et al, 1985;Minervini et al, 1987).…”

Section: Time ( M I Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

Reproductive Endocrine Disorders in Women with Primary Generalized Epilepsy

et al. 1988

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It is known that women suffering from temporal lobe epilepsy may frequently present reproductive endocrine disorders (REDs). We hypothesized that a high occurrence of REDs could be found also in primary generalized epilepsy (PGE), and therefore investigated the hormonal and ovarian echographic profiles in 20 PGE female patients of reproductive age. Fourteen reported normal menstrual cycles, while 6 complained of longstanding menstrual irregularities. All but three patients were receiving antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy. In all subjects, the basal levels of gonadotropins, prolactin, and gonadal steroids were assayed. The response of luteinizing hormone (LH) to gonadotropin-releasing hormone was also investigated and ovarian ultrasonographic findings were evaluated. In five of six patients with menstrual problems (25% of the group), a well-defined RED was diagnosed (polycystic ovarian disease in three cases and hypothalamic ovarian failure in two). The 14 patients with normal menstrual cycles showed an elevation of mean basal follicle-stimulating hormone and prolactin, and a blunting of mean LH response. Our results suggest that a high occurrence of REDs may be found also in PGE. We hypothesize that a neurotransmitter dysfunction might be the common pathogenetic mechanism resulting in both REDs and PGE. The hormonal alterations observed in the patients with normal menstrual cycles seem to support our hypothesis. Previous data seem to rule out a possible AED effect accounting for the hormonal findings observed in our series. However, further studies are needed to confirm our preliminary results.

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“…The loss of inhibitory effect does not appear to be dependent on the presence of hyperprolactinaemia [12,13], In treated pro lactinoma patients with normalized serum prolactin lev els, there is still a failure of sodium valproate to inhibit prolactin release [T.H. Jones, unpubl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the GABA<sub>A</sub> Agonist Muscimol on Prolactin Secretion from Human Prolactin-Secreting Adenomas and GH<sub>3</sub> Rat Pituitary Tumour Cells

Jones¹,

Brown

Cullen³

et al. 1992

Horm Res

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The effect of muscimol, a specific potent GABA_A receptor agonist, on prolactin release from human prolactin-secreting tissue was investigated using a perifusion system. Perifusion studies on normal rat anterior pituitary tissue, which has identical GABA receptors to those found in normal human pituitary glands, show that muscimol has a specific biphasic effect on prolactin release. This is characterized by an initial transient stimulation (222.3 ± 21.6% of basal) lasting for 5-10 min followed by a more prolonged inhibitory phase (63.9 ± 3.1 % inhibition of basal). Five human prolactin-secreting adenomas were studied, and in none of the tumours could a biphasic response be demonstrated. One of the prolactin-secreting adenomas had a blunted inhibitory response, but the other 4 showed no inhibitory effect of muscimol on prolactin release. Muscimol had no significant effect on basal or thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH)-stimulated prolactin secretion from GH₃ rat pituitary tumour cells. These studies suggest that the GABAergic effect on prolactin secretion is absent or altered in both rat and human prolactin-secreting tumour cells.

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Effects of the Gabaergic Drug, Sodium Valproate, on the Prolactin Release Evoked by Pharmacological Stimuli in Normal Women

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Valproate and Neuroendocrine Changes in Relation to Women Treated for Epilepsy and Bipolar Disorder: A Review

Valproate and Neuroendocrine Changes in Relation to Women Treated for Epilepsy and Bipolar Disorder: A Review

Reproductive Endocrine Disorders in Women with Primary Generalized Epilepsy

Effect of the GABA<sub>A</sub> Agonist Muscimol on Prolactin Secretion from Human Prolactin-Secreting Adenomas and GH<sub>3</sub> Rat Pituitary Tumour Cells

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