Effects of the herbicide imazapyr on benthic macroinvertebrates in a logged pond cypress dome

Fowlkes, Mark D.; Michael, Jerry L.; Crisman, Thomas L.; Prenger, Joseph P.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620220430

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…Conducted jointly by the U.S. Forest Service and the University of Florida, Center for Wetlands with support from the National Pesticide Impact Assessment Program, and the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, this study investigated the impacts of imazapyr applied as the commercially available product Arsenal Applicator's Concentrate at extremely high rates on benthic macroinvertebrates (Fowlkes et al, 2003). The study site, located 40 km north of Gainesville, Florida on the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement's Wetlands Study Site (owned by Plum Creek Timber Company) consisted of a 30 ha block of pine flatwoods with intermittent pond cypress domes.…”

Section: Florida Wetlands Imazapyr Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Management Practices for Silvicultural Chemicals and the Science Behind Them

Michael

2004

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus

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Abstract. Silvicultural chemicals include fertilizers and pesticides applied for forest management. All states east of the Rockies have at least some form of silvicultural chemical best management practices (SCBMPs) and it is widely accepted that SCBMPs effect some protection of water quality. All SCBMPs recommend handling and application precautions and a minimum width streamside management zone (SMZ) on each side of streams for protection of water quality and aquatic ecosystems. Typically these zones increase in width as stream width increases. In areas where cold-water fish are present, additional widths are designated for their protection. Minimum SMZ widths range from 8 to 91 meters on each side of the stream bank for intermittent and perennial streams. Most SMZ recommendations do not cover ephemeral drainages, ditches or canals. SMZs are generally described as being site specific with width dependent on slope, soil type and other conditions as well as the stream's designation as perennial or intermittent. The science behind SCBMPs is often elusive. Spray drift can be controlled through proper selection and use of application technology while considering site specific conditions. SMZs greatly reduce the amount of herbicides reaching streams. Available toxicological data and research on aquatic ecosystem impacts from herbicide use suggest that additional protection from silvicultural chemicals may not be necessary. However, there is evidence to suggest that protection of ephemeral and intermittent channels can further reduce entry of silvicultural chemicals into streams and also reduce sedimentation. This may be the most fruitful area of research we can pursue in light of the knowledge gaps listed.

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Section: Florida Wetlands Imazapyr Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Management Practices for Silvicultural Chemicals and the Science Behind Them

Michael

2004

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus

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Potential risks to freshwater aquatic organisms following a silvicultural application of herbicides in Oregon's Coast Range

Louch

Tatum

Allen

et al. 2016

Integr Environ Assess Manag

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Glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), imazapyr, sulfometuron methyl (SMM), and metsulfuron methyl (MSM) were measured in streamwater collected during and after a routine application of herbicides to a forestry site in Oregon's Coast Range. Samples were collected at 3 stations: HIGH at the fish-no-fish interface in the middle of the harvest and spray unit, MID at the bottom of the unit, and LOW downstream of the unit. All herbicides were applied by helicopter in a single tank mix. AMPA, imazapyr, SMM, and MSM were not detected (ND) in any sample at 15, 600, 500, and 1000 ng/L, respectively. A pulse of glyphosate peaking at approximately equal to 62 ng/L manifested at HIGH during the application. Glyphosate pulses peaking at 115 ng/L (MID) and 42 ng/L (HIGH) were found during the first 2 postapplication storm events 8 and 10 days after treatment (DAT), respectively: glyphosate was less than 20 ng/L (ND) at all stations during all subsequent storm events. All glyphosate pulses were short-lived (4-12 h). Glyphosate in baseflow was approximately equal to 25 ng/L at all stations 3 DAT and was still approximately equal to 25 ng/L at HIGH, but ND at the other stations, 8 DAT: subsequently, glyphosate was ND in baseflow at all stations. Aquatic organisms were subjected to multiple short-duration, low-concentration glyphosate pulses corresponding to a cumulative time-weighted average (TWA) exposure of 6634 ng/L × h. Comparisons to TWA exposures associated with a range of toxicological endpoints for sensitive aquatic organisms suggests a margin of safety exceeding 100 at the experimental site, with the only potential exception resulting from the ability of fish to detect glyphosate via olfaction. For imazapyr, SMM, and MSM the NDs were at concentrations low enough to rule out effects on all organisms other than aquatic plants, and the low concentration and (assumed) pulsed nature of any exposure should mitigate this potential. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:396-409. © 2016 SETAC.

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Assessing toxicity of post-emergence herbicides to the Spilarctia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Gupta

Bhattacharya

2007

J Pest Sci

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The lethal and sublethal eVects of three post-emergence herbicides, 2,4-D ethyl ester (Weedkill 80WP), imazethapyr (Pursuit 10EC) and quizalofop ethyl (Tergasuper 5EC) fortiWed with artiWcial diets were studied on larvae of Spilarctia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Quizalofop ethyl and imazethapyr caused signiWcant reduction of pest survival at almost all levels; however, 2,4-D ethyl ester was nontoxic. Interestingly, LC 50 data (0.230 and 0.855% for quizalofop ethyl and imazethapyr, respectively) obtained from probit analysis were almost equal to labeled doses (x) of quizalofop ethyl (x = 0.16%) and imazethapyr (x = 0.625%), which shows the high toxicity of these compounds against S. obliqua larvae. Among the three herbicides, imazethapyr caused sublethal eVects on this pest, increasing the larval period at almost all concentrations tested in the artiWcial diet. Considering the markedly signiWcant eVect of quizalofop ethyl on pest survivorship with no sublethal eVect, we suggest incorporating it into the integrated pest management module for S. obliqua in legumes or oilseed crops with other biorational insecticides. Based on toxicity, imazethapyr can be a potential candidate for integrated management of S. obliqua. However, because of its sublethal eVects, we advocate caution while using it in the presence of pest infestations.

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Effects of the herbicide imazapyr on benthic macroinvertebrates in a logged pond cypress dome

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Best Management Practices for Silvicultural Chemicals and the Science Behind Them

Best Management Practices for Silvicultural Chemicals and the Science Behind Them

Potential risks to freshwater aquatic organisms following a silvicultural application of herbicides in Oregon's Coast Range

Assessing toxicity of post-emergence herbicides to the Spilarctia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

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