Effects of the Local Soil Nonuniformity Upon Performances of Ground Grids

Nahman, J.; Paunovic,

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2007.905284

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Significant progress in numerical simulation techniques coupled with rapid growth in computer technology have led to the development of very powerful computation tools for grounding systems [3]- [5]. However, it is important to highlight that these calculation methods assume uniform, layered, or hemispherically symmetric soil structures, and while it is possible to account for localized lateral and vertical inhomogeneity occurring in real soils by means of finite-element methods [6], the problem lies in first establishing a soil model of sufficient accuracy. In addition, there is very little experimental evidence to validate the accuracy of these calculation techniques when applied to large and complex grounding electrode systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Large-Scale Tests of Practical Grounding Electrodes—Part I: Test Facility and Measurement of Site Parameters

Guo

Clark

Lathi

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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This paper describes the establishment of a large-area outdoor experimental facility at the Dinorwig pumped-storage power station in North Wales for investigating the performance of practical grounding systems. The facility itself and arrangements of test electrodes and measurement equipment are described, providing a background for subsequent test methodologies. In addition, tests to determine the variation in the water and reservoir bed resistivities have been undertaken, resulting in a survey data set that better informs experimental work and simulations of vertical ground rod and grid electrodes. It is proposed that this facility may also be used to calibrate grounding meters and for validating computational modelling techniques. In a complementary paper, results of low-voltage dc, ac, and impulse tests of varying magnitudes are described, and experimental results are compared with computed values obtained from numerical models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Large-Scale Tests of Practical Grounding Electrodes—Part I: Test Facility and Measurement of Site Parameters

Guo

Clark

Lathi

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…One of the most important properties of soil affecting the performance of the ground grid is the total ground resistance of the soil surrounding the grid conductors. Total ground resistance refers to the overall electrical resistance of the grounding system, which includes the resistance of the grounding electrode, grounding conductor, and the resistance of the earth itself [21] - [23]. A low total ground resistance is desirable for effective grounding, as it provides a low impedance path for fault current to flow to the ground [24] - [26].…”

Section: A Materials Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Grid Depth on the Performance of Ground Grid under Influence of Line to Ground Fault

Hefny,

El Dein,

El-Tayeb

2024

International Journal of Applied Energy Systems

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There are many factors that affect the grounding process, so adapting these factors helps in achieving the best results for the grounding system. It is important to study some natural properties around the ground grid to create an appropriate environment for the grounding process. This paper aims to study the effect of the grid depth on the performance of the grounding grid with the effect of applying a specific line fault based on the experimental work and using simulation program based on Finite Element Method (FEM). The effect of the change in the laying depth of the grid was monitored on the total ground resistance, the Earth Surface Potential (ESP), the current density, and the electric field of the ground grid. Also, the following soil properties have been taken into consideration; the water content, the thermal and electrical conductivity, heat capacity, density, and the relative permittivity coefficient of the soil. From the obtained results, it is noticed that by increasing the depth of the grounding grid, a decrease in the total ground resistance was observed and there is a change in the performance of the ground grid. The findings of this investigation offer priceless insights: as grid depth rises, there is a noticeable decrease in overall ground resistance, indicating improved grounding system performance. Variations in ESP, electric field distribution, and current density further highlight the complex nature of the effects of grid depth. The study is significant in that it emphasizes the crucial part that soil characteristics play an important role in determining how grounding systems behave and the need to take these factors into account when designing a grounding system. This study makes a substantial contribution to grounding system optimization, potentially enhancing electrical safety and dependability in a variety of applications. It provides a starting point for further investigation and improvement in the search for better and more effective grounding solutions.

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“…Resistivity of this backfill material was ρ bf = ρ bentonite = 2.5 Ωm. The described experimental setup was modelled applying FEM similarly as in [25][26][27], with addition of subdomain with backfill material which surrounds the grounding grid and modelling of imperfect contact by air gaps placed between the grounding loop electrodes and the surrounding soil.…”

Section: Step 1: Fem Modelling Of Grounding Loopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The algorithm for determination of necessary characteristics of backfill materials used for grounding resistances of grounding loops reduction

Trifunovic¹

2012

Journal of Electrical Engineering

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Various backfill materials are used with the aim to reduce grounding resistance of grounding systems to the desired values. The algorithm for determination of a proper combination of features a backfill material needs to possess in order to successfully perform this task is developed and presented. It is based on the numerical analysis of the results obtained with finite-element method modelling of the considered grounding system, surrounding soil, backfill material and imperfect contact. As an example, the developed algorithm is applied on two grounding loops (one conventional and the other backfilled with bentonite suspension) embedded in a two-layer soil. The results obtained with the application of the proposed algorithm can be used as guidance for the researchers who are looking for new suitable low cost backfill materials.

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Effects of the Local Soil Nonuniformity Upon Performances of Ground Grids

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Controlled Large-Scale Tests of Practical Grounding Electrodes—Part I: Test Facility and Measurement of Site Parameters

Controlled Large-Scale Tests of Practical Grounding Electrodes—Part I: Test Facility and Measurement of Site Parameters

Effect of Grid Depth on the Performance of Ground Grid under Influence of Line to Ground Fault

The algorithm for determination of necessary characteristics of backfill materials used for grounding resistances of grounding loops reduction

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