Effects of the Nordic hamstring exercise on the architecture of the semitendinosus

Effects of Copenhagen Adduction Exercise on the Architectural Characteristics of Adductors in U-17 Male Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…However, it is hard for this finding to be put into perspective with the literature, as no other study has investigated the effect of a CA training program on architectural characteristics. Nevertheless, prior research has evaluated architectural variables after programs based on other preventative eccentric exercises, such as the Nordic hamstring exercise or the reverse Nordic hamstring exercise, obtaining improvements in the muscle thickness of rectus femoris [ 22 ] and other architectural characteristics in semitendinosus [ 20 ] and biceps femoris [ 21 ]. Even though CA exercise and Nordic hamstring are both eccentric exercises, the complex insertion and distribution of adductor muscles [ 24 ] and their frequent injury and reinjury, mostly caused by a large use of these muscles in soccer training and matches [ 32 ], could also explain the different results in architectural characteristics between CA and Nordic hamstring.…”

“…In this regard, the use of ultrasound imaging has proven to be valid and reliable to assess the muscle architecture in the lower limb, not only in cadavers [ 17 ] but also in the architectural characteristics of rectus femoris [ 18 ] and biceps femoris [ 19 ] of healthy subjects. In this respect, several previous studies have used ultrasound imaging to assess changes in muscle architecture after preventive exercise programs like Nordic hamstring strength training [ 20 , 21 ] and reverse Nordic hamstring strength training [ 22 ], proving the ability of ultrasound imaging to identify structural muscle changes after preventive exercise training programs. In these investigations, the most studied variables were the cross-sectional area and the muscle thickness [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

“…In this respect, several previous studies have used ultrasound imaging to assess changes in muscle architecture after preventive exercise programs like Nordic hamstring strength training [ 20 , 21 ] and reverse Nordic hamstring strength training [ 22 ], proving the ability of ultrasound imaging to identify structural muscle changes after preventive exercise training programs. In these investigations, the most studied variables were the cross-sectional area and the muscle thickness [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. All of them reported differences before and after the eccentric training, and especially muscle thickness has been shown as one of the most studied, with high validity and reliability in the lower limb [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

“…In these investigations, the most studied variables were the cross-sectional area and the muscle thickness [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. All of them reported differences before and after the eccentric training, and especially muscle thickness has been shown as one of the most studied, with high validity and reliability in the lower limb [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Effects of Copenhagen Adduction Exercise on Muscle Architecture and Adductor Flexibility

“…The changes in muscle architecture produced by eccentric exercises have been verified using ultrasound imaging in different muscles of the lower limbs, such as the quadriceps femoris [ 15 , 16 ], hamstrings [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] and the gastrocnemius [ 21 ], highlighting the ability of ultrasound imaging to identify the structural changes in muscles following periods of training.…”