Effects of the Omicron variant on perinatal outcomes in full-term neonates

Choi, Hyowon; Lee, Eun Jung; Ahn, Yeon-Soon; Yoo, Yeong Myong

doi:10.1186/s12887-022-03690-8

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this study, a premature infant was delivered by cesarean section under conditions of tertiary protection by medical staff and did not come in contact with the COVID-19-positive mother after birth. The nucleic acid test (throat swab) 2 hours after birth was positive, indicating possible intrauterine infection [6][7] . However, because the sample was taken only 2 hours after birth, the possibility of contamination from the mother's amniotic uid or blood cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical analysis of 23 cases of neonatal Omicron (a variant of SARS-CoV-2) infection in Suzhou

Zhang,

Ma,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of neonatal cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection in Suzhou since December 2022. Methods In this retrospective case series study, the clinical data of 23 neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection at our hospital from December 10, 2022, to January 10, 2023, were collected, and the epidemiological history, clinical manifestations and outcomes, laboratory changes, etc., were analyzed. Results Among the 23 infants, there were 9 males and 14 females, 22 full-term infants, and 1 premature infant (35 weeks+ 1). The oldest was 27 days old, and the youngest was premature. Age at diagnosis was 14(9.0,19.0) days. The mothers were all prenatally diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). All 22 full-term infants lived with their mothers in the same room. Among them, 8 were exclusively breastfed, 14 were mixed-fed, and 1 was a preterm infant who was not breastfed. Twenty-two neonates were infected by horizontal transmission, and 1 was infected by suspected vertical transmission from mother to child. The clinical classification included 1 asymptomatic infection, 20 mild infections, 2 moderate infections. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (21 neonates), and the fever duration was 1–6 days. Other clinical manifestations included respiratory symptoms(18 neonates), digestive tract symptoms(12 neonates) and abdominal distension (2 neonates). Neurological symptoms included mild drowsiness, irritability, and crying (3 neonates). The other symptoms included 4 cases of jaundice and 2 cases of rash. The white blood cell count was lower than 4.0*109/L in 1 neonate. The lymphocyte count was lower than 1.0*109/L in 1 neonate. Interleukin-6 was normal in 3 neonates, slightly elevated in 11 neonates, and greater than 200 pg/ml in 2 neonates. Procalcitonin was slightly elevated in 1 neonate. The creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) was slightly elevated in 4 neonates. Two neonates had flocculent high-density shadows in chest X-ray. 21 patients were cured and discharged, while another 2 patients were discharged after improvement; the length of hospitalization was 3.8 (4.0,5.0)days. Twenty-one patients were followed up and no repeated clinical manifestations were reported. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates in this area was mainly transmitted horizontally and mainly mild cases, with mild clinical symptoms and mildly increased inflammatory indicators. The short-term prognosis was good.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical analysis of 23 cases of neonatal Omicron (a variant of SARS-CoV-2) infection in Suzhou

Zhang,

Ma,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Differences in other perinatal outcomes, such as stillbirth, were not significant when compared between the pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron groups 98 . Even in full-term newborns during the Omicron period, neonates born to infected mothers had an increased risk of lower birth weight, lower Apgar scores, and an increased risk for respiratory support until 12 hours after birth when compared with those born to mothers without infection 99 . Boly et al 100 .…”

Section: Perinatal Mortality and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…98 Even in full-term newborns during the Omicron period, neonates born to infected mothers had an increased risk of lower birth weight, lower Apgar scores, and an increased risk for respiratory support until 12 hours after birth when compared with those born to mothers without infection. 99 Boly et al 100 described three premature newborns from women with confirmed Delta infection with very low birth weight (<1500 g) and reported that all three infants presented with hyperglycemia and bone marrow dysfunction. Delta variants also seem to affect children to a greater extent than other variants.…”

Section: Perinatal Mortality and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 and Variants in Pregnancy

et al. 2023

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Pregnancy is a physiological state that predisposes women to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, a disease that can cause adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease is known to vary by viral strain; however, evidence for the effects of this virus in pregnant women has yet to be fully elucidated. In this review, we describe maternal and perinatal outcomes, vaccination, and vertical transmission, among pregnant women infected with the different SARS-CoV-2 variants identified to date. We also summarize existing evidence for maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with specific information relating to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our analysis showed that Omicron infection was associated with fewer severe maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes while the Delta variant was associated with worse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal deaths arising from COVID-19 were found to be rare (<1.0%), irrespective of whether the virus was a wild-type strain or a variant. Severe maternal morbidity was more frequent for the Delta variant (10.3%), followed by the Alpha (4.7%), wild-type (4.5%), and Omicron (2.9%) variants. The rates of stillbirth were 0.8%, 4.1%, 3.1%, and 2.3%, respectively, in pregnancies infected with the wild-type strain, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants, respectively. Preterm birth and admission to neonatal intensive care units were more common for cases with the Delta infection (19.0% and 18.62%, respectively), while risks were similar for those infected with the wild-type (14.7% and 11.2%, respectively), Alpha (14.9% and 13.1%), and Omicron variants (13.2% and 13.8%, respectively). As COVID-19 remains a global pandemic, and new SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge, research relating to the specific impact of new variants on pregnant women needs to be expanded.

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“…A Korean study by Choi et 25 A recent Indian study conducted by Nanavati et al, 21 where it was shown that the infected neonates developed symptoms, commonly with gastrointestinal (5%) and respiratory manifestations (30%). Similarly, a meta-analysis had shown that up to 55% of infected neonates developed symptoms with 30% having gastrointestinal manifestations and 25% respiratory manifestations.…”

Section: Neonatal Morbidity and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of outcomes of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positivity before delivery in January 2022 ‐ A single center study from Eastern India

Sumana Kundragrami,

Santanu Bag,

Sunanda Dey

et al. 2023

Asian J Med Sci

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Background: There have been successive waves of SARS-CoV-2 variants since January 2020, the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant has led to a third upsurge in India since December 2021. Neonates constitute a vulnerable population and there is limited literature about naturalhistory, management, and outcomes of Omicron infected newborns. Aims and Objectives: The study was conducted to study the outcomes among newborns born to COVID-19 positive mothers during the Omicron upsurge. Materials and Methods: Between December 2021 and January 2022, this study was conducted on newborns born to COVID-19 positivemothers in a single center during the Omicron upsurge. We investigated the maternal pregnancy complications, methods of delivery, neonatal resuscitation, neonatal conditions, suspicious infectious status, and morbidity based on maternal infections. Results: A total of 39 neonates were born to mothers with a history of Omicron COVID-19 infected during delivery. None were positive when tested or developed any disease specific symptoms in the postnatal period. Among the neonates, 5 needed admissions in newborn units. Birth asphyxia, transient tachypnea of the newborn and meconium aspiration syndrome was seen along with minor problems such as feed intolerance and hyperbilirubinemia. Rest all had been stable throughout the hospital course. All infants had been developmentally stable on followup up to 6 months post-discharge. Conclusion: During Omicron COVID-19, newborns had very less complications and we advise giving breast milk to babies with proper precautions along with rooming-in for the lower income countries.

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Effects of the Omicron variant on perinatal outcomes in full-term neonates

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical analysis of 23 cases of neonatal Omicron (a variant of SARS-CoV-2) infection in Suzhou

Clinical analysis of 23 cases of neonatal Omicron (a variant of SARS-CoV-2) infection in Suzhou

Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 and Variants in Pregnancy

Assessment of outcomes of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positivity before delivery in January 2022 ‐ A single center study from Eastern India

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