Effects of the Peptide Pheromone Plantaricin A and Cocultivation with Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis DPPMA174 on the Exoproteome and the Adhesion Capacity of Lactobacillus plantarum DC400

Abstract

This study aimed at investigating the extracellular and cell wall-associated proteins (exoproteome) of Lactobacillus plantarum DC400 when cultivated on modified chemically defined medium (CDM) supplemented with the chemically synthesized pheromone plantaricin A (PlnA) or cocultured with L. plantarum DPPMA20 or Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis DPPMA174. Compared to monoculture, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis showed that the exoproteome of L. plantarum DC400 was affected by PlnA and cocultivation with strains DPPMA20 and, especially, DPPMA174. The highest similarity of the 2-DE maps was found between DC400 cells cultivated in monoculture and in coculture with strain DPPMA20. Almost all extracellular proteins (22 spots) and cell wall-associated proteins (40 spots) which showed decreased or increased levels of synthesis during growth in CDM supplemented with PlnA and/or in coculture with strain DPPMA20 or DPPMA174 were identified. On the basis of the sequences in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, changes to the exoproteome concerned proteins involved in quorum sensing (QS), the transport system, stress response, carbohydrate metabolism and glycolysis, oxidation/ reduction processes, the proteolytic system, amino acid metabolism, cell wall and catabolic processes, and cell shape, growth, and division. Cultivation with PlnA and cocultivation with strains DPPMA20 and, especially, DPMMA174 markedly increased the capacity of L. plantarum DC400 to form biofilms, to adhere to human Caco-2 cells, and to prevent the adhesion of potential intestinal pathogens. These phenotypic traits were in part related to oversynthesized moonlighting proteins (e.g., DnaK and GroEL, pyruvate kinase, enolase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) in response to QS mechanisms and interaction with L. plantarum DPPMA20 and, especially, L. sanfranciscensis DPPMA174.

Bacteriocin-producing strains of Lactobacillus plantarum inhibit adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to extracellular matrix: quantitative insight and implications in antibacterial therapy

“…S3). The results obtained in these experiments are particularly encouraging considering a previous report that describes the critical role of plantaricin A as a pheromone that promotes biofilm formation and adhesion of L. plantarum strains onto the Caco-2 cell line, and thereby prevents pathogen adhesion onto the cells (Calasso et al, 2013). In light of this study, it would perhaps be interesting in future to determine the biofilm-forming potential of plantaricin A-producing L. plantarum strains and their effect in precluding adhesion of target pathogens onto the ECM.…”

An overview of protein moonlighting in bacterial infection

“…[7,34]), Enterococcus faecalis [35], Lactobacillus plantarum [36], Mycobacterium avium [37] and Clostridium perfringens [38] to name but a few. [7,34]), Enterococcus faecalis [35], Lactobacillus plantarum [36], Mycobacterium avium [37] and Clostridium perfringens [38] to name but a few.…”

Functional proteomics within the genus Lactobacillus

“…L. rhamnosus increased the phosphorylation of proteins at pH 5.8 and during late exponential growth phase . In various species of lactobacilli, several of the above proteins (e.g., DnaK, Tuf) were located in the secretome . Probably, they were mainly involved in the adhesion ability.…”