Effects of the properties of the bacterial community on pH adaptation during recolonisation of a humus soil

Pettersson, Marie; Bååth, Erland

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.02.028

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A similar pH tolerance index has earlier been shown to correlate well with the pH opt in soil (31,33). Such a ratio can thus be used as a rapid method to follow changes in pH tolerance of a community after a pH change in water, similar to its use after altering soil pH (34,35). The use of a similar approach with only two pH levels could be inferred by the work of Tank et al (29), studying bacterial growth after rapid changes in pH due to high photosynthesis.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…With a pH opt for growth different from the in situ pH, we would expect impaired function, as shown experimentally in soil (35) and water (29).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The same methodology has also been used to monitor changes over time in community pH adaptation, when soil pH has been altered by liming (34). When there was not a perfect match of pH tolerance of the community and soil pH after liming, functions such as bacterial growth was impaired (35). Thus, there was a correlation between the function and the degree of maladaptation of the community to pH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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pH Tolerance in Freshwater Bacterioplankton: Trait Variation of the Community as Measured by Leucine Incorporation

Bååth

Kritzberg

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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b pH is an important factor determining bacterial community composition in soil and water. We have directly determined the community tolerance (trait variation) to pH in communities from 22 lakes and streams ranging in pH from 4 to 9 using a growth-based method not relying on distinguishing between individual populations. The pH in the water samples was altered to up to 16 pH values, covering in situ pH ؎ 2.5 U, and the tolerance was assessed by measuring bacterial growth (Leu incorporation) instantaneously after pH adjustment. The resulting unimodal response curves, reflecting community tolerance to pH, were well modeled with a double logistic equation (mean R 2 ‫؍‬ 0.97). The optimal pH for growth (pH opt ) among the bacterial communities was closely correlated with in situ pH, with a slope (0.89 ؎ 0.099) close to unity. The pH interval, in which growth was >90% of that at pH opt , was 1.1 to 3 pH units wide (mean 2.0 pH units). Tolerance response curves of communities originating from circum-neutral pH were symmetrical, whereas in high-pH (8.9) and especially in low-pH (<5.5) waters, asymmetric tolerance curves were found. In low-pH waters, decreasing pH was more detrimental for bacterial growth than increasing pH, with a tendency for the opposite for high-pH waters. A pH tolerance index, using the ratio of growth at only two pH values (pH 4 and 8), was closely related to pH opt (R 2 ‫؍‬ 0.83), allowing for easy determination of pH tolerance during rapid changes in pH. By measuring growth of a bacterium in a range of environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH, and salinity, the fundamental niche of the bacterium can be determined. The response to these varied conditions can also be seen as a descriptor of the tolerance of that strain to different environmental factors. In a similar way, the tolerance of a bacterial community in a habitat can be estimated by measuring the intrinsic growth of the community at a range of different environmental conditions. The response curves of a community can then be regarded as the trait distribution (community tolerance) of that community. In soil this approach has been commonly applied to study community tolerance to heavy metals (1-3), other toxicants (4, 5), temperature (6-8), and salinity (9, 10), but this method has been applied less often in aquatic habitats (11)(12)(13).pH has been shown to be a decisive environmental factor determining the bacterial community composition in both soil (14-16) and water (17-22), often being the most important one compared to factors such as temperature and moisture in soil (15) and temperature, water retention time, organic matter, and nutrient concentrations in freshwater systems (17,(19)(20)(21)(22). pH is also an environmental factor that can vary greatly in aquatic systems. Lake and stream waters can have pH values below 4 and above 9 even within small geographical areas (such as the area in southern Sweden in the present study). In highly productive lakes, surface pH can be as much as 2 U higher than in bottom waters, a var...

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…With a pH opt for growth different from the in situ pH, we would expect impaired function, as shown experimentally in soil (35) and water (29).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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pH Tolerance in Freshwater Bacterioplankton: Trait Variation of the Community as Measured by Leucine Incorporation

Bååth

Kritzberg

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Rhizosphere competence of biocontrol agents comprises effective root colonization combined with the ability to survive and proliferate along growing plant roots over a considerable time period, in the presence of the indigenous microflora (95,127,189,190). Given the importance of rhizosphere competence as a prerequisite of effective biological control, understanding root-microbe communication (6,135), as affected by genetic (80,118) and environmental (128) determinants in spatial (6) and temporal (23) contexts, will significantly contribute to improve the efficacy of these biocontrol agents.…”

Section: Competitive Root Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria for Biocontrol of Plant Diseases: Principles, Mechanisms of Action, and Future Prospects

Compant

Duffy

Nowak

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

2,131

1,175

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3Pathogenic microorganisms affecting plant health are a major and chronic threat to food production and ecosystem stability worldwide. As agricultural production intensified over the past few decades, producers became more and more dependent on agrochemicals as a relatively reliable method of crop protection helping with economic stability of their operations. However, increasing use of chemical inputs causes several negative effects, i.e., development of pathogen resistance to the applied agents and their nontarget environmental impacts (44, 62). Furthermore, the growing cost of pesticides, particularly in less-affluent regions of the world, and consumer demand for pesticide-free food has led to a search for substitutes for these products. There are also a number of fastidious diseases for which chemical solutions are few, ineffective, or nonexistent (62). Biological control is thus being considered as an alternative or a supplemental way of reducing the use of chemicals in agriculture (44,62,136,188).There has been a large body of literature describing potential uses of plant associated bacteria as agents stimulating plant growth and managing soil and plant health (reviewed in references 63, 70, 143, 165, and 188). Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) (8) are associated with many, if not all, plant species and are commonly present in many environments. The most widely studied group of PGPB are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (82) colonizing the root surfaces and the closely adhering soil interface, the rhizosphere (82, 84). As reviewed by Kloepper et al. (84) or, more recently, by Gray and Smith (65), some of these PGPR can also enter root interior and establish endophytic populations. Many of them are able to transcend the endodermis barrier, crossing from the root cortex to the vascular system, and subsequently thrive as endophytes in stem, leaves, tubers, and other organs (10, 28,65,70). The extent of endophytic colonization of host plant organs and tissues reflects the ability of bacteria to selectively adapt to these specific ecological niches (65, 70). Consequently, intimate associations between bacteria and host plants can be formed (28, 70, 84) without harming the plant (70,83,84,92,191). Although, it is generally assumed that many bacterial endophyte communities are the product of a colonizing process initiated in the root zone (102, 165, 177, 188), they may also originate from other source than the rhizosphere, such as the phyllosphere, the anthosphere, or the spermosphere (70).Despite their different ecological niches, free-living rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria use some of the same mechanisms to promote plant growth and control phytopathogens (15, 46,63,70,92,165). The widely recognized mechanisms of biocontrol mediated by PGPB are competition for an ecological niche or a substrate, production of inhibitory allelochemicals, and induction of systemic resistance (ISR) in host plants to a broad spectrum of pathogens (15,63,66,67,97,146) and/or abiotic stresses (reviewed in referen...

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“…Therefore, rhizosphere competence is considered as a prerequisite of effective biological control. Understanding root-microbe communication [30,51], as affected by genetic [66] and environmental [62] determinants in spatial [30] and temporal [70] contexts, will significantly contribute to improve the efficacy of these biocontrol agents. Once biocontrol agents establish on the site, the mechanism of antagonism might be competition for nutrients, space, siderophore production [41], antibiosis [18], production of hydrolytic enzymes or other active substances.…”

Section: Root Colonization and Protection Of Infection Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Plant Pathogens with Microorganisms

Singh¹

2014

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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Effects of the properties of the bacterial community on pH adaptation during recolonisation of a humus soil

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

pH Tolerance in Freshwater Bacterioplankton: Trait Variation of the Community as Measured by Leucine Incorporation

pH Tolerance in Freshwater Bacterioplankton: Trait Variation of the Community as Measured by Leucine Incorporation

Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria for Biocontrol of Plant Diseases: Principles, Mechanisms of Action, and Future Prospects

Management of Plant Pathogens with Microorganisms

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