Effects of the psycholinguistic variables on the lexical decision task in Spanish: A study with 2,765 words

González-Nosti, María; Barbón, Analía; Rodríguez‐Ferreiro, Javier; Cuetos, Fernando

doi:10.3758/s13428-013-0383-5

Cited by 51 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…On the other hand, the lexical route might not be necessary in transparent languages (that is, with transparent orthography, such as German or Spanish; Frost & Katz, 1992), since words can be read using only grapheme-phoneme conversion rules (i.e., via the nonlexical route). However, researchers have found the presence of lexical effects (e.g., frequency, neighbourhood), in German (Ziegler, Perry, & Coltheart, 2000) or in Spanish (González-Nosti, Barbón, Rodríguez-Ferreiro, & Cuetos, 2014;Martín Plasencia, Iglesias Dorado, & Serrano, 2008) in reading aloud as well as in lexical decision tasks, which evidenced the use of the lexical route in transparent languages too.…”

Section: Visual Word Recognition Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accent mark and visual word recognition in Spanish

Schwab¹

2015

loquens

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The present research aims at determining to what extent an orthographic error related to the accent mark affects the visual recognition of Spanish words. For this, we conducted two experiments of visual lexical decision (with no word production), in which Spanish-speaking participants were instructed to ignore the presence or the absence of the accent mark.Stimuli were composed of words originally without accent mark (OrNA for 'originally no accent'; Experiment 1) and words originally with an accent mark (OrWA for 'originally with accent'; Experiments 1 and 2). OrNA words were presented in three conditions: correctly spelled (e.g., dulce 'sweet'), with an added accent mark on the lexically stressed vowel (dúlce) and with a misplaced accent mark on the lexically non-stressed vowel (dulcé). Along the same line, OrWA words were also presented in three conditions: correctly spelled (e.g., lápiz 'pen'), without the accent mark (lapiz) and with a misplaced accent mark (lapíz).Taken together, the results showed that the accent mark plays a role in the visual word recognition in Spanish. More specifically, the addition and/or the misplacement of an accent mark significantly slow down the visual recognition of the words, whereas the omission of the accent mark does not. The findings are discussed within the framework of dual-route models.Keywords: Spanish; accent mark; visual word recognition; lexical stress; lexical access. RESUMEN:Marca acentual y reconocimiento visual de palabras en español.-Esta investigación tiene como meta determinar en qué medida un error ortográfico relativo al acento gráfico (i.e., tilde) afecta al reconocimiento visual de las palabras en español. Para ello, realizamos dos experimentos de decisión léxica visual (sin producción de las palabras), en los que los participantes tenían que ignorar la presencia o ausencia del acento gráfico.Los estímulos se componían de palabras originalmente sin acento gráfico (OrNA para 'originally no accent'; Experimento 1) y palabras originalmente con acento gráfico (OrWA para 'originally with accent'; Experimentos 1 y 2). Las palabras OrNA se presentaron en tres condiciones: correctamente ortografiadas (p. ej., dulce), con un acento gráfico en la vocal tónica (dúlce) y con un acento mal colocado en la vocal átona (dulcé). Asimismo, las palabras OrWA también se presentaron en tres condiciones: correctamente ortografiadas (p. ej., lápiz), sin el acento gráfico (lapiz) y con el acento gráfico mal colocado (lapíz).Los resultados mostraron que el acento gráfico desempeña un papel en el reconocimiento visual de las palabras. Más específicamente, la adición y/o la mala colocación del acento gráfico ralentizan significativamente el reconocimiento visual de las palabras, mientras que la omisión del acento gráfico no lo dificulta. Discutimos los resultados dentro del marco de los modelos de doble ruta.Palabras clave: español; acento gráfico; reconocimiento visual; acento léxico; acceso al léxico.

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Section: Visual Word Recognition Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accent mark and visual word recognition in Spanish

Schwab¹

2015

loquens

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“…It should be noted, however, that a number of lexical and sublexical variables influence word processing, such as frequency, age of acquisition, the number of orthographic neighbors (González-Nosti, Barbón, Rodríguez-Ferreiro, & Cuetos, 2014), syllable frequency (Carreiras, Alvarez, & De Vega, 1993), and the number of letters or syllables (Acha & Perea, 2008). In addition, word recognition is affected by semantic dimensions such as concreteness, imageability, number of associates, and semantic ambiguity (see Pexman, 2012, for an overview).…”

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confidence: 99%

Moved by words: Affective ratings for a set of 2,266 Spanish words in five discrete emotion categories

et al. 2016

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The two main theoretical accounts of the human affective space are the dimensional perspective and the discrete-emotion approach. In recent years, several affective norms have been developed from a dimensional perspective, including ratings for valence and arousal. In contrast, the number of published datasets relying on the discrete-emotion approach is much lower. There is a need to fill this gap, considering that discrete emotions have an effect on word processing above and beyond those of valence and arousal. In the present study, we present ratings from 1,380 participants for a set of 2,266 Spanish words in five discrete emotion categories: happiness, anger, fear, disgust, and sadness. This will be the largest dataset published to date containing ratings for discrete emotions. We also present, for the first time, a fine-grained analysis of the distribution of words into the five emotion categories. This analysis reveals that happiness words are the most consistently related to a single, discrete emotion category. In contrast, there is a tendency for many negative words to belong to more than one discrete emotion. The only exception is disgust words, which overlap least with the other negative emotions. Normative valence and arousal data already exist for all of the words included in this corpus. Thus, the present database will allow researchers to design studies to contrast the predictions of the two most influential theoretical perspectives in this field. These studies will undoubtedly contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of emotion on word processing.

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“…Interestingly, two studies published on languages with consistent spelling systems, Spanish and Dutch, have found no effects of imageability on lexical decision times and ERPs (Alija & Cuetos, 2006;Brysbaert, Lange, & Van Wijnendaele, 2000;Cuetos, Barbón, Urrutia, & Dominguez, A., 2009). These findings are, however, problematic since other studies have shown an effect of imageability in lexical decision times and ERPs in transparent languages such as Spanish (Dominguez, de Vega & Cuetos, 1997;González-Nosti, Barbón, Rodríguez-Ferreiro & Cuetos, 2014;Wilson, Cuetos, Davies, & Burani, 2013). In addition inferring from a lack of imageability effect that there is no semantic involvement in the recognition of words in transparent languages might seem as an excessive assumption, in particular because imageability is not the only factor that reveals properties of the semantic system.…”

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confidence: 58%

The Role of Semantics in Spanish Word Recognition: an Insight from Lexical Decision and Categorization Tasks

Izura

Hernández-Muñoz

2017

Open Linguistics

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This study examines the factors affecting word recognition in a language with a consistent system to map letters into sounds; Spanish. The influence of semantics on the recognition of words in languages with inconsistent mappings, such as English, is well documented. Not much is known for other languages. A lexical decision task and two category verification tasks with varying levels of semantic complexity were used. In contrast to English, none of the semantic variables entered into the analyses had a significant impact on lexical decision latencies or errors. Imageability showed an influence on responses to both category verification tasks while the effect of connectivity was marginally significant in the category verification task with the greatest semantic complexity. Results indicate that word recognition decisions can be made without the involvement of central components of the semantic system. The role of semantics in word recognition in languages with consistent spelling systems will be discussed.

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Effects of the psycholinguistic variables on the lexical decision task in Spanish: A study with 2,765 words

Cited by 51 publications

References 28 publications

Accent mark and visual word recognition in Spanish

Accent mark and visual word recognition in Spanish

Moved by words: Affective ratings for a set of 2,266 Spanish words in five discrete emotion categories

The Role of Semantics in Spanish Word Recognition: an Insight from Lexical Decision and Categorization Tasks

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