Effects of the Red Garlic Extract for Anti-Obesity and Hypolipidemic in Obese Rats Induced High Fat Diet

Abstract

This study tested the anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of red garlic extract in obese rats induced by a high fat diet over a period of 4 weeks. Red garlic extract of 15 brix was added in 1, 3, 5 and 7% ratios in diets. The obesity index and body fat content significantly decreased in rats fed a diet with over 3% red garlic extract compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in weight of visceral and epididymal fat in rats fed red garlic extract. Total lipid and triglyceride levels in serum were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner, and AI and CRF also fell. ALT and AST activities in groups fed red garlic extract were decreased compared to the control group. Total lipid level in liver tissue of the groups fed 5-7% red garlic extract exhibited a significant decrease compared to the control group. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in feces were significantly increased in rats fed a diet with over 5% red garlic extract. Lipid peroxide levels were significantly decreased in the groups fed diets with 5-7% red garlic and antioxidant activity in serum was significantly increased in the group fed a diet with 7% red garlic extract compared to the control group. Our results suggest that red garlic extract could have anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects for suppressing obesity index and decreasing lipid profiles. IntroductionAs the choice for a high-calorie and high-fat diet increases due to the economic stability and affluence, so does the occurrence of metabolic disease caused by over-weight [27]. Obesity is the condition under which surplus energy is accumulated as lipids, which is attributable to the increase of energy intake and the decrease of consumption. From the balance is lost, obesity or hyperlipidemia develops, leading to a serious disease. In Korea, the social and economic cost incurred by the increase of obese population rises annually. Given that 40% of people who die by circulating system disease including atherosclerosis, cerebro-, cardio-vascular complications, hypertention, diabetes and functional depression of certain organs are obese, it is necessary to take a fundamental measure to improve the situation [47].Although the drug therapy proved to be effective as a behavior correction therapy used for the control of lipid metabolism in obese, it accompanies side-effects such as headaches, insomnia, and vomiting [29]. Thus, there is a growing attention on the way to improve obesity using phyto-nutrient that does not cause side-effects, among which garlic is known to effective for the control of lipid metabolism and obesity [1,16,24,31,51]. A major bioactive substances of garlic (Allium sativum L.) are an organic sulfur compounds containing allicin [11,18,22], which has the cardioprotective function among others [25]. Reportedly in Korea, the bioactive effect is elevated through the heat-treatment which turns fresh garlic into aged black garlic [22,46] supplemented with 5% red garlic extract, RG-7: supplemented with 7% red garlic extract. production of t...

Association between 12α-hydroxylated bile acids and hepatic steatosis in rats fed a high-fat diet

“…Since lard samples naturally contain Chol, the increased lard consumption might exceed a range of the compensatory reduction of hepatic endogenous lipid synthesis in HF-fed rats. A previous study [34] in which ingredients in the AIN-93G-based control diet and HF diet are almost the same as those in the present study shows that the HF diet consumption for 4 weeks decreases serum HDL-Chol level and increased LDL-Chol in rats. Given that LDL takes up Chol from the liver whereas HDL carries blood Chol to the liver, the changes in HDL and LDL would not contribute to the hepatic lipid accumulation in the present study.…”

Effect of black garlic on visceral fat, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats

“…The consumption of fructose has now become a lifestyle, increasing the incidence of obesity and associated complications (Fakhoury-Sayegh et al , 2015), but not only fructose, Emamat et al ’s (2019) result has shown that galactose intake was significantly associated with higher risk of NAFLD. Diet modification and weight loss are considered important components of NAFLD treatment (Lee et al , 2011).…”

Anti-Obesity Effect of Red Garlic Composites in Rats Fed a High Fat-Cholesterol Diet

“…홍마늘 분말의 체 내 지질저하 효과는 고지방 식이에 의한 비만 유도 흰쥐에서 흑마늘 분말과 비슷한 결과를 보였으며 [19], 15 brix의 홍마늘 열수추출물을 3∼7% 첨가급이 시 체지방량 감소 및 체내 지질 배설효과가 있다는 연구가 보고되어 있다 [24].…”

“…본 연구는 항산화 활성 및 체내 지질 개선에 효과가 있는 것으로 보고 [19,24,25] [3][4][5][6] Refer to the Values in a column sharing the same superscript letter are not significantly different at p<0.05.…”

“…고지방 식이에 의해 간 조직은 유입된 콜레스테롤의 정상적 인 배출이 이루어지지 않아 간 조직내에 축적되어 지방간 등 의 간비대를 일으키므로 장기 중량이 증가되는 경향이 있다 [33]. 고지방 식이에 홍마늘 추출물의 농도를 달리하여 보충급 이한 결과 5%이상의 농도에서 간장의 중량이 유의적으로 감 소되었으며 [24], 고지방 식이에 녹차 추출물과 식이섬유의 혼 합물을 급이한 경우 간장 및 지라의 중량이 대조군에 비해 Values in a column sharing the same superscript letter are not significantly different at p<0.05. 1) Refer to the Table 2 2) Values are mean±SD (n=7).…”