Effects of the seasonal variation in chlorophyll concentration on sea surface temperature in the global ocean

Effects of Ocean Chlorophyll on the Mode Water Subduction Rate in the Northwestern and Central Pacific Ocean

“…The chlorophyll concentration (Chl) shows a band of high values (>0.3 mg m -3 ) in the region of 30°-40°N in the North Pacific during the spring bloom (Figure 1C). Ma et al (2021) found that SST cools (warms) and MLD shoals with biological effects in the mid-latitudes of the North Pacific Ocean during winter (spring). And the biological impacts on MLD are not evenly distributed.…”

“…In addition to dynamic and thermodynamic processes, some biological processes, such as phytoplankton in the euphotic layer, can also affect the upper mixed layer through their impacts on the vertical distribution of solar radiation (Lewis et al, 1983;Lin et al, 2007;Ma et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2021). The chlorophyll in the ocean could trap more heat in the upper layer, and less solar radiation could reach the subsurface.…”

“…With the uneven distribution of chlorophyll in the upwelling region, horizontal and vertical density gradients could change, and lead to strengthened upwelling, decreased sea surface temperature (SST) and shallower MLD. In addition, the ocean chlorophyll also has a cooling effect in strong vertical mixing regions like the north Arabian Sea (Ma et al, 2014) and in mid-latitudes of the world's oceans (Ma et al, 2021). In strong mixing regions, biological impacts on MLD are weak as solar penetration cannot affect such a deep depth.…”