Effects of the soluble fiber complex PolyGlycopleX® (PGX®) on glycemic control, insulin secretion, and GLP-1 levels in Zucker diabetic rats

Grover, Gary J.; Koetzner, Lee; Wicks, Joan; Gahler, Roland J.; Lyon, Michael R.; Reimer, Raylene A.; Wood, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.11.014

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…GLP-1 also inhibits glucagon secretion, and decelerates endogenous production of glucose (Seino et al 2010). In several animal studies, consumption of fermentable dietary fibres has been linked with elevated plasma GLP-1 (Grover et al 2011;Massimino et al 1998;Wang et al 2007). In addition, in both healthy (Johansson et al 2013;Tarini and Wolever 2010) and hyperinsulinemic ) human subjects, diets high in SDF increased GLP-1 in plasma.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooking enhances beneficial effects of pea seed coat consumption on glucose tolerance, incretin, and pancreatic hormones in high-fat-diet–fed rats

Hashemi

Yang

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Pulses, including dried peas, are nutrient- and fibre-rich foods that improve glucose control in diabetic subjects compared with other fibre sources. We hypothesized feeding cooked pea seed coats to insulin-resistant rats would improve glucose tolerance by modifying gut responses to glucose and reducing stress on pancreatic islets. Glucose intolerance induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet (HFD; 10% cellulose as fibre) was followed by 3 weeks of HFD with fibre (10%) provided by cellulose, raw-pea seed coat (RP), or cooked-pea seed coat (CP). A fourth group consumed low-fat diet with 10% cellulose. Oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (oGTT, ipGTT) were done. CP rats had 30% and 50% lower glucose and insulin responses in oGTT, respectively, compared with the HFD group (P < 0.05) but ipGTT was not different. Plasma islet and incretin hormone concentrations were measured. α- and β-cell areas in the pancreas and density of K- and L-cells in jejunum and ileum were quantified. Jejunal expression of hexose transporters was measured. CP feeding increased fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-stimulated gastric inhibitory polypeptide responses (P < 0.05), but K- and L-cells densities were comparable to HFD, as was abundance of SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA. No significant difference in β-cell area between diet groups was observed. α-cell area was significantly smaller in CP compared with RP rats (P < 0.05). Overall, our results demonstrate that CP feeding can reverse adverse effects of HFD on glucose homeostasis and is associated with enhanced incretin secretion and reduced α-cell abundance.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooking enhances beneficial effects of pea seed coat consumption on glucose tolerance, incretin, and pancreatic hormones in high-fat-diet–fed rats

Hashemi

Yang

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…This could have potentially been secondary to increased glucagon-like peptide-1 and insulin secretion, which was shown in another study of Zucker rats with diabetes supplemented with PGX for 12 weeks. 76 Apart from the aforementioned effects, fermentable fiber may have a role in NAFLD through the production of SCFA, which are discussed next.…”

Section: Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nutrients in the Development, Progression, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Mouzaki

Allard

2012

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

104

101

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease in adults and children and is currently the third most common indication for liver transplantation in North America. Its pathogenesis is thought to be secondary to multiple "hits" derived from the dietary components, adipose tissue, immune system, and intestinal microbiota. Lack of physical activity may contribute as well. Nutrients may exert their effect directly or through alteration of the intestinal microbiota. Research focusing on specific dietary components predisposing to NAFLD has shown conflicting results. Total energy intake, and macronutrients, has been linked to the development of NAFLD. Fructose not only contributes to hepatic steatosis but may trigger inflammatory signals as well. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The role of vitamins as well as minerals in this field is actively being investigated. In this review, we discuss the evidence-linking macronutrients (such as carbohydrates and fat in general and fructose, fiber, short chain fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty, and choline specifically) and micronutrients (such as vitamin E and C and minerals) with the development and treatment of NAFLD. We also discuss the literature on physical activity and NAFLD.

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“…Results from animal studies have suggested that PGX decreases post-prandial glucose by increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leading to enhanced insulin secretion [9,10]. The high viscosity of PGX has also been reported to cause early satiety by preventing the decline of peptide YY (PYY) [11], a gut hormone involved in appetite regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the novel functional fibre, polyglycoplex (PGX), on body weight and metabolic parameters: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials

Onakpoya

Heneghan

2015

Clinical Nutrition

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Effects of the soluble fiber complex PolyGlycopleX® (PGX®) on glycemic control, insulin secretion, and GLP-1 levels in Zucker diabetic rats

Cited by 31 publications

References 47 publications

Cooking enhances beneficial effects of pea seed coat consumption on glucose tolerance, incretin, and pancreatic hormones in high-fat-diet–fed rats

Cooking enhances beneficial effects of pea seed coat consumption on glucose tolerance, incretin, and pancreatic hormones in high-fat-diet–fed rats

The Role of Nutrients in the Development, Progression, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Effect of the novel functional fibre, polyglycoplex (PGX), on body weight and metabolic parameters: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials

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