Effects of the Youth Fit 4 Life physical activity/nutrition protocol on body mass index, fitness and targeted social cognitive theory variables in 9‐ to 12‐year‐olds during after‐school care

Annesi, James J.; Walsh, Stephanie; Greenwood, Brittney L.; Mareno, Nicole; Unruh-Rewkowski, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1111/jpc.13447

Cited by 28 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Researchers reported trends 73 or no effect 74 on BMI changes; others noted BMI reductions when components such as gardening were combined with cooking, as in LA Sprouts, 75 or when self-management techniques were included with physical activity and nutrition, as in Fit 4 Life. 76 Dietary changes identified after 24 months for the Intervention Study were minimal. However, the treatment youths maintained dairy intake whereas the controls decreased intake, which could have been because of the strong emphasis in the curriculum 21 on recipes (eg, for smoothies and parfaits) and meal planning around MyPlate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The iCook 4-H Study: An Intervention and Dissemination Test of a Youth/Adult Out-of-School Program

White

Colby

Franzen‐Castle

et al. 2019

Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior

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Objective: To describe outcomes from intervention and dissemination of iCook 4-H. Design: Five-state, community-based participatory research and a randomized, controlled trial followed by a 5-state, nonrandomized dissemination test of the iCook 4-H curriculum with control and treatment groups. Setting: Community and university sites. Participants: Youths aged 9−10 years and their adult food preparer; 228 dyads in the intervention and 74 dyads in dissemination. Intervention(s): Theoretical frameworks were Social Cognitive Theory and the experiential 4-H learning model. Six 2-hour, biweekly sessions on cooking, eating, and playing together followed by monthly newsletters and boosters until 24 months, expanded to 8 sessions for dissemination. Main Outcome Measure(s): Youth body mass index (BMI) z-scores, measured height and weight, and youth/adult program outcome evaluations surveys. Analysis: Linear mixed models, group, time, and group £ time interaction for BMI z-score and program outcomes changes. Significance levels = P ≤ .05; interaction term significance = P ≤ .10. Results: In intervention, treatment BMI z-scores increased compared with controls based on significant interaction (P = .04). For odds of being overweight or obese at 24 months, there was no significant interaction (P = .18). In dissemination, based on significant interaction, treatment youths increased cooking skills (P = .03) and treatment adults increased cooking together (P = .08) and eating together (P = .08) compared with controls. Conclusions and Implications: iCook 4-H program outcomes were positive for mealtime activities of cooking and eating together. The program can be successfully implemented by community educators. The increase in BMI z-scores needs further evaluation for youths in cooking programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The iCook 4-H Study: An Intervention and Dissemination Test of a Youth/Adult Out-of-School Program

White

Colby

Franzen‐Castle

et al. 2019

Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior

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“…Specifically, the difference between each participant's identified change, and projected change based on his/her initial BMI (to the nearest one-tenth point), age (to the nearest one-fourth year), and sex (extracted from previously published normative values for United States youths [10]), was used as data. Because of previously established directionality [9], Bonferroni-adjusted within-group t-tests that followed-up ANOVAs were 1 tailed ( Table 1). In multiple regression analyses using score changes from baseline-month 3, the prediction of BMI change by selfefficacy change did not reach statistical significance (R 2 =0.03, β=-0.17, SE=0.01, P=0.11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both internal consistencies (Cronbach's α) and test-retest reliabilities over 1 week were acceptable at ≥0.70, for each measure [9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants enrolled in pilot research on the YF4L after-school care program [9] were classified as either overweight/obese (≥85th BMI percentile, based on age-and sex-adjusted normative data [10]) (n=32) or normal weight (5th-84.9th BMI percentile) (n=54) for purposes of this research. No participant was classified as underweight (<5th percentile).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise Program-Related Psychosocial Changes Promote Healthy Weight in Youth

Annesi¹

2017

TOPHJ

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Background:An inappropriately high weight in children is a predictor of health risks. Reliable interventions that are easily disseminated are needed. Objective:Based on findings with adults, exercise-support methods might be leveraged to change behavioral predictors of a healthy body composition in youth. Analyses of changes in theory-based psychological variables' association with changes in body composition within the context of youth-tailored treatment are required. Method:A 45 minute/day, 4 day/week, social cognitive/self-efficacy theory-based after-school care protocol, Youth Fit 4 Life, was tested in children of a normal (n=54) and overweight/obese (n=32) body composition over a school year. The treatment's emphasis was on improvements in mood, self-efficacy, and self-regulation related to physical activity. Validated self-report measures of negative mood, self-regulation, and self-efficacy, and BMI, were administered at baseline, and months 3 and 9. The prediction of BMI change from changes in the psychosocial variables was assessed using multiple regression analyses. Results:Change in BMI and improvements in the aforementioned psychosocial factors were significant over both 3 and 9 months, and did not differ between body composition groups. Analyses indicated that over 3 months, self-regulation change was a significant predictor of BMI change (β=-0.26, SE=0.05, P=0.03), while over 9 months, self-efficacy change significantly predicted BMI change (β=-0.21, SE=0.02, P=0.05). Conclusion:After replications and extensions focused also on eating behaviors, it was suggested that the inexpensive and efficient Youth Fit 4 Life protocol might be scalable across community venues to address childhood overweight and obesity.

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“…The after-school hours of 3:00-6:00 p.m. have garnered interest in recent years among organizations, groups, and individuals working to improve the health and wellbeing of children and youth (13). Those working to support the creation of health promoting environments during school hours, have identi ed the after-school time period as an important window for intervention (13,14). Speci cally, these critical hours provide opportunities to promote health behaviours such as improving HE and PA (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Canadian after-school care providers’ perceived role promoting healthy lifestyles: A focused ethnography

Elias

Montemurro

Sulz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: After-school care programs have garnered interest in recent years as the hours of 3:00–6:00p.m. are an opportune time for children to engage in healthy behaviours, specifically healthy eating and physical activity. Care providers are major influencers within the after-school care setting, impacting health promoting opportunities for children. However, little is known regarding the role care providers play in health promotion interventions in the after-school care setting, specifically those using comprehensive approaches. The purpose of this research was to explore care providers’ role and experience promoting healthy eating and physical activity through the after-school care health promotion intervention School’s Out…Let’s Move (SOLMo). SOLMo was guided by the evidence-based comprehensive school health framework.SOLMo had two main goals: (1) to serve a healthy snack with vegetable or fruit, and milk or water as the drink; (2) to include 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity. The intervention included resources and coaching for care providers to promote healthy eating and physical activity for children and took place in four after-school sites over a six-month period. Three of four sites were located in a school. The primary researcher was engaged with the sites over 22-months. METHODS: This research was guided by the qualitative method focused ethnography. Semi-structured interviews with care providers (n=13) taking part in SOLMo were conducted. Participant observation was included as part of data generation to further understand care provider roles. Latent content analysis was utilized iteratively and concurrently throughout data generation. RESULTS: Overall, care providers were supportive of promoting health behaviours in the after-school setting. Through analysis, five themes and eight subthemes emerged related to care providers’ role and experience promoting healthy eating and physical activity through SOLMo: 1) enhanced awareness; 2) improved programming; 3) strong relationships; 4) collaborative approach; and 5) role tension. CONCLUSIONS: As major influencers, care providers play a crucial role in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours for children. This research provides valuable insight into this role and the implementation of comprehensive health promotion approaches in the after-school setting. Findings contribute to the implementation knowledge base and help inform the promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviours for children.

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Effects of the Youth Fit 4 Life physical activity/nutrition protocol on body mass index, fitness and targeted social cognitive theory variables in 9‐ to 12‐year‐olds during after‐school care

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

The iCook 4-H Study: An Intervention and Dissemination Test of a Youth/Adult Out-of-School Program

The iCook 4-H Study: An Intervention and Dissemination Test of a Youth/Adult Out-of-School Program

Exercise Program-Related Psychosocial Changes Promote Healthy Weight in Youth

Canadian after-school care providers’ perceived role promoting healthy lifestyles: A focused ethnography

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