Effects of theabrownin on serum metabolites and gut microbiome in rats with a high-sugar diet

Yue, Suijuan; Zhao, Dan; Peng, Chunxiu; Tan, Chao; Wang, Qiuping; Gong, Jia shun

doi:10.1039/c9fo01334b

Cited by 93 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In particular, the Bacteroides genus has been reported as the most predominant member of the cecal microbiota of Bermuda free-range broilers. In this study, the genus Bacteroides was the positive bacterium in the jejunum and cecum, which is in line with the previous finding that a higher number of Bacteroides enables larger efficiency of gut microbiota in extracting energy from the diet ( Yue et al, 2019 ). Of interest, in our findings, the genus Lactobacillus was the second leading bacterium in the jejunum.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal Modulates Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota in Xuefeng Black-Bone Chickens

Lei

Yao

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The addition of Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HILM) to the feed could contribute to particular antimicrobial and intestinal health in animal husbandry. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of HILM on intestinal morphology and microbial diversity in different intestinal segments of Xuefeng black-bone chickens. All of 432 birds (45 weeks old) were randomly assigned to four equal groups with six replicates and 18 hens in each replicate: (A) basal diet, (B) basal diet with 1% HILM, (C) basal diet with 3% HILM, and (D) basal diet with 5% HILM. The results showed that, compared with the basal diet group, the HILM supplement significantly increased the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) and Chao index in cecum (p < 0.05). Diet with 1% HILM significantly increased the villus height (VH) of the duodenum (p < 0.05) and cecum microbial diversity as represented by the Simpson index (p < 0.05). In particular, 1% HILM displayed a markedly increase in the genus unclassified Bacteroidales (cecum, p < 0.05). A basal diet with 3% HILM markedly increased the beneficial genus Romboutsia (jejunum, p < 0.05). Also, principal component analysis (PCA) cluster analysis showed that 3% of HILM was more individual than other groups (p < 0.05). However, 5% HILM decreased the VH and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD) of the jejunum and increased beneficial bacteria such as Staphylococcus (p < 0.05), which was regarded as pathogenetic genera. In conclusion, we found that HILM improved intestinal morphology and increased microbiological diversity and species abundance. Together, dietary supplementation of 1 or 3% HILM might benefit the intestinal morphology and intestinal microbiota of Xuefeng black-bone chicken. However, the addition of 5% HILM could decrease VH and the ratio of VH/CD of the jejunum and increased pathogenetic genera. HILM was an excellent protein substitute for Xuefeng black-bone chickens, which could meet the nutritional requirements under the condition of less feed. These results provide information for HILM meal as an alternative source of soybean meal in Xuefeng black-bone chickens’ feed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal Modulates Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota in Xuefeng Black-Bone Chickens

Lei

Yao

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…We also found that the positively significant correlations between Alloprevotella and SCFAs became insignificant with the reduction of Alloprevotella caused by orlistat. Animal studies found that both the HFD and high-sucrose diet reduced the abundance of Alloprevotella , while the combination of the abrownin and the high-sugar diet promoted the reproduction of Alloprevotella ( Kong et al, 2019 ; Yue et al, 2019 ). These results indicate that the colonic accumulation of dietary fat might result in the enrichment of the opportunistic pathogens with the depletion of potential beneficial microbes related to obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive Gut Microbiota in Patients with Overweight and Obesity with Dyslipidemia and its Responses to Long-term Orlistat and Ezetimibe Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Open-label Trial

et al. 2021

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This study investigated the gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) characteristics of subjects with obesity from Xinjiang in northwestern China, a region with a multiethnic culture and characteristic lifestyle, and to explore the potential microbes that respond to a 12-wk medication of orlistat and ezetimibe with a randomized controlled open-label trial manner. The gut microbiota profile of patients with overweight and obesity with dyslipidemia in Xinjiang was distinctive and characterized by enrichment of Lactobacillus and the reduction of the diversity and the depletion of Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides fragilis. Prevotella-type, Gemmiger-type, and Escherichia/Shigella-type were the gut microbial patterns of the Xinjiang population. However, the fecal SCFAs levels and enterotypes were similar between healthy individuals and patients. These results indicated that the contribution of the gut microbiota to obesity was highly dependent on geography and dietary habits. Waist circumference, total triglyceride (TG), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were significantly decreased after orlistat therapy, whereas TG, total cholesterol (TC), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased by ezetimibe. Overall, the gut microbiota and their SCFAs metabolites were relatively stable after treatment with the two drugs, with alteration of some low-abundant bacteria, i.e., significantly increased Proteobacteria and decreased Alloprevotella after orlistat, and increased Fusobacteria and Fusobacterium after ezetimibe therapy. These results indicated that intestinal malabsorption of dietary fat and cholesterol caused by orlistat and ezetimibe had a limited effect on the overall gut microbial community and their metabolites. Nevertheless, significant correlations between several core microbes that responded to the medications and biochemical data were found; in particular, Actinomyces and Bacteroides were positively correlated with FBG after orlistat intervention, while Clostridium XVIII and Lachnospiracea incertae sedis were negatively correlated with TC and LDL-C after ezetimibe intervention, thus indicating their roles in improving glucolipid metabolism in obesity by acting as potential microbial targets.

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“…The increased abundance of Lactobacillus murinus correlates with higher serum levels of primary CA and secondary deoxycholic bile acid. Therefore, compared to a WD, an n-6HFD rich in LA may alter the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp., favoring the overgrowth of Lactobacillus murinus [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-6 High Fat Diet Induces Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Colonic Inflammation

Selmin

Papoutsis²,

Hazan³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Background: Concerns are emerging that a high-fat diet rich in n-6 PUFA (n-6HFD) may alter gut microbiome and increase the risk of intestinal disorders. Research is needed to model the relationships between consumption of an n-6HFD starting at weaning and development of gut dysbiosis and colonic inflammation in adulthood. We used a C57BL/6J mouse model to compare the effects of exposure to a typical American Western diet (WD) providing 58.4%, 27.8%, and 13.7% energy (%E) from carbohydrates, fat, and protein, respectively, with those of an isocaloric and isoproteic soybean oil-rich n-6HFD providing 50%E and 35.9%E from total fat and carbohydrates, respectively on gut inflammation and microbiome profile. Methods: At weaning, male offspring were assigned to either the WD or n-6HFD through 10–16 weeks of age. The WD included fat exclusively from palm oil whereas the n-6HFD contained fat exclusively from soybean oil. We recorded changes in body weight, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, colon histopathology, and gut microbiome profile. Results: Compared to the WD, the n-6HFD increased plasma levels of n-6 fatty acids; colonic expression of COX-2; and the number of colonic inflammatory and hyperplastic lesions. At 16 weeks of age, the n-6HFD caused a marked reduction in the gut presence of Firmicutes, Clostridia, and Lachnospiraceae, and induced growth of Bacteroidetes and Deferribacteraceae. At the species level, the n-6HFD sustains the gut growth of proinflammatory Mucispirillum schaedleri and Lactobacillus murinus. Conclusions: An n-6HFD consumed from weaning to adulthood induces a shift in gut bacterial profile associated with colonic inflammation.

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Effects of theabrownin on serum metabolites and gut microbiome in rats with a high-sugar diet

Abstract: In a high sugar diet mode, TB reduced the body weight and TG and improved HOMA-IR mainly by targeting the gut microbiota. A strong correlation between cecal microorganisms and serum metabolites, obesity and HOMA-IR was observed.

Cited by 93 publications

References 64 publications

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal Modulates Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota in Xuefeng Black-Bone Chickens

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal Modulates Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota in Xuefeng Black-Bone Chickens

Distinctive Gut Microbiota in Patients with Overweight and Obesity with Dyslipidemia and its Responses to Long-term Orlistat and Ezetimibe Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Open-label Trial

n-6 High Fat Diet Induces Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Colonic Inflammation

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