Effects of throat area and inlet area of intake port on mixture formation of gasoline direct injection engines

Zheng, Zhimin; Liu, Hanyu; Tian, Xuefeng

doi:10.1177/0954407018762587

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Pogorevc and Kegl 16 proposed a method to improve the intake system to increase the in-cylinder charging efficiency. Zheng et al 17 simulated a steady-flow test and transient simulation with four kinds of intake ports (named Cases 1–4) to study the effects of intake port structure parameters (inlet area and throat area) of a gasoline direct injection engine on mixture formation. The results showed that the flow coefficient increased as the throat increased and the inlet areas decreased, and conversely changing them could improve the tumble ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the helical-spiral shroud intake valve on flow in cylinder of internal combustion engine

Choe¹,

Kang²,

et al. 2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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In this paper, we proposed a method to increase the mixing performance of gasoline and intake air by attaching a helical-spiral shroud to the intake valve. The effect of the height and revolution number of helical-spiral shroud on the generation of swirl in the engine cylinder are analyzed. The height is 20 and 25 mm, and the revolution number is changed to 1 and 1.5 turns. A three-dimensional simulation model using the shear stress transport k–ω model is used as the turbulence model to predict the air flow characteristics through the intake valve and engine cylinder in the intake and compression strokes. As a result, the helical-spiral shroud intake valve (HSSIV) generally increases the swirl ratio compared to the general valve, and the swirl ratio in the HSSIV with a height of 20 mm and revolution number of one turn has a maximum value of 77 around 90CAD. It also shows that HSSIV has little effect on the volumetric efficiency reduction while increasing the swirl ratio from different geometrical properties than the conventional shroud valves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the helical-spiral shroud intake valve on flow in cylinder of internal combustion engine

Choe¹,

Kang²,

et al. 2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…10 The mass of entrained air was also found to increase with fuel injection pressure. 11 In-cylinder turbulence was increased with the introduction of high-pressure direct-injection 12 but the effect on tumble was found to be very less. 13 High pressures also permit late injection into the compression stroke without compromise on particulate emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and computational studies on the effects of reduced fuel injection pressure and spark plug protrusion on the performance and emissions of a small-bore gasoline direct-injection engine

Jose

Mittal

Ramesh

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Application of direct injection (DI) technology in small-bore engines, the type used in two- and three-wheelers, could improve their performance significantly. It is recognised that the use of high fuel injection pressure is beneficial in large-bore engines for a good mixture preparation. However, simple systems incorporated with low-pressure DI are desirable in small-engine segment of automobiles. Further, high fuel pressures will result in excessive wall wetting when cylinder dimensions are small. Extensive studies were carried out to investigate the minimum fuel injection pressure required for homogeneous and lean modes of operation in such small bore DI engine. The effect of spark plug protrusion in the combustion chamber was also investigated under the spray-guided configuration. Comprehensive experiments and CFD simulations were performed for estimating the engine efficiency, emissions, mixture preparation characteristics, fuel spray and fuel impingement on combustion chamber walls. Results have demonstrated that engine performance and emissions did not deteriorate when fuel injection pressure was reduced from 150 to 50 bar at full load. However, at very low pressures, like 20–30 bar, THC, CO and smoke emissions increased. Fuel injection pressure did not influence the lean limit, that is, equivalence ratio of about 0.77, but influenced the thermal efficiency at lean conditions. In order to attain high efficiency, under lean conditions, a minimum fuel pressure of 80 bar was required. The spark plug protrusion that resulted in a gap of 0.75 mm with respect to the incoming fuel spray cone has given the best engine performance, while higher protrusions affected the tumble flow and led to the stratification of charge near the spark plug, which resulted in elevated CO and smoke emissions. Hence, this work highlights that relatively lower direct injection pressures are suitable in small bore engines, which will impact the development of cost effective components for such applications.

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“…For the parameter optimization stage, to get the better performance of intake ports, a lot of work has been done on the relationship between the defined parameters and the intake flow characteristics. 14,15 Generally, the parameters of intake ports are usually adjusted by the experience from the experimental database or the numerical simulation results, [16][17][18] but it is hard to get the optimum results due to the cost of time and money. Thus, the genetic algorithm (GA) has been applied to the optimization of the intake port parameters in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The full-parametric development of the intake ports by using genetic algorithm in a four-valve diesel engine

Gao

Wang

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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In-cylinder flow characteristics, which are mainly determined by the intake ports, have a decisive influence on the mixture formation and combustion process of internal combustion (IC) engines. To develop the optimum intake ports in a four-valve diesel engine, the full-parametric design method coupled with genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial neural network (ANN) was adopted in this study. Different from previous studies, the full-parametric templates for the tangential and helical ports were established. Then, to improve the precision of the CFD result which was used to train the ANN, the near-wall region affected by viscosity was resolved by the “enhanced wall treatment” during the simulation process. Besides, considering the interaction between the outlets of adjacent intake ports in the four-valve engine, the ANN was divided into three parts to better predict the flow performance of the combined intake ports. Finally, the developed intake ports based on ANN and GA were machined to the flow box and validated by the steady flow test. The low deviation of 4.71% in swirl ratio between the design target and the experiment result confirms that this method can be well applied to the development of the intake ports in a four-valve diesel engine.

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Effects of throat area and inlet area of intake port on mixture formation of gasoline direct injection engines

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of the helical-spiral shroud intake valve on flow in cylinder of internal combustion engine

Effect of the helical-spiral shroud intake valve on flow in cylinder of internal combustion engine

Experimental and computational studies on the effects of reduced fuel injection pressure and spark plug protrusion on the performance and emissions of a small-bore gasoline direct-injection engine

The full-parametric development of the intake ports by using genetic algorithm in a four-valve diesel engine

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