Effects of tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol combination and its specific antagonist on AMPK in the brain of rats

Abstract

Introduction: Tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol (XFM) has few side effects and can provide good sedation and analgesia. Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can attenuate trigeminal neuralgia. The study aimed to investigate the effects of XFM and its specific antagonist on AMPK in different regions of the brain. Material and Methods: A model of XFM in the rat was established. A total of 72 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three equally sized groups: XFM anaesthesia (M group), antagonist (W group), and XFM with antagonist interactive groups (MW group). Eighteen SD rats were in the control group and were injected intraperitoneally with saline (C group). The rats were sacrificed and the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamus, and brain stem were immediately separated, in order to detect AMPKα mRNA expression by quantitative PCR. Results: XFM was able to increase the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 in all brain regions, and the antagonist caused the opposite effect, although the effects of XFM could not be completely reversed in some areas. Conclusion: XFM can influence the expression of AMPK in the central nervous system of the rat, which can provide a reference for the future development of anaesthetics for animals.

Principles of therapy and care of laboratory animals after chronic administration into Xylasine-Zoletyl® Anesthesia

“…The reason for this is the fact that Zoletil® can cause serious functional disorders of the cerebral cortex. Nevertheless, the use of Zoletil ® to study functions controlled by the centers of the limbic system is promising, since this drug induces dissociative anesthesia: it inhibits only certain areas of the brain, such as the thalamus and cortex, while other areas, in particular the limbic system remain active [13].…”