Effects of Time-Dependent Protein Restriction on Growth Performance, Digestibility, and mTOR Signaling Pathways in Juvenile White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Zhao, Wei; Luo, Hongjie; Zhu, Wanqing; Yuan, Xiaoqin; Shao, Jianchun

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.661107

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…It promotes protein synthesis and increases muscle protein content by activating the mTOR signaling pathway in Eriocheir sinensis [16]. Additionally, it has also been found that sustained molting steroid production and secretion in the molting glands of blackback land crab (Gecarcinus Lateralis) [17] and green crab (Carcinus maenas) [18] relied on mTOR-dependent protein synthesis [19]. In Litopenaeus vannamei, the inhibitor rapamycin inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway, significantly changed the expression of many autophagy-related genes, and significantly increased the ratio of LC3II/LC3I [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mTOR Plays a Conserved Role in Regulation of Nutritional Metabolism in Bivalve Sinonovacula constricta

Zhou

Li²,

Liao

et al. 2023

JMSE

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The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been shown to play a central role in regulating cell growth and metabolism. However, little is known about the function of mTOR in nutrient metabolism in bivalve mollusks. In this study, the role of mTOR in the regulation of nutrient metabolism was investigated in Sinonovacula constricta. First, the activation of mTOR was assayed after starvation and refeeding. Afterwards, the role of mTOR in the regulation of nutrient metabolism was investigated using an activator (MHY1485) or inhibitor (rapamycin) of mTOR. The open reading frame of the S. constricta mTOR is 7416 bp in length and encodes a polypeptide consisting of 2471 amino acids. The mTOR amino acid sequence of S. constricta was highly conserved when compared with other species and had a close evolutionary relationship with the TOR proteins of Crassostrea gigas and Lingula anatine. mTOR was expressed in the intestine, exhalent siphon, labial palppus, muscle, inhalent siphon, gill, mantle, digestive land, and gonad tissue of S.constricta, with the highest expression in muscle. During starvation, the level of phosphorylated mTOR protein was relatively low, and the ratio of LC3II/LC3I protein and the AMPKα mRNA level significantly increased with the increase in starvation time. After feeding, the level of phosphorylated mTOR protein increased from 0.13 to 0.56, and the ratio of LC3II/I protein and AMPKα mRNA level decreased from 1.17 to 0.38. MHY1485 significantly increased the level of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 and significantly decreased the ratio of LC3II/I proteins. Furthermore, MHY1485 significantly increased the mRNA level of the glucose metabolism-related gene glucokinase (GK), significantly decreased the mRNA expression of the G6P gene, and significantly increased the mRNA expression of the lipid synthesis-related genes sterol-regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). Rapamycin significantly reduced the level of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 and the mRNA expression of mTOR, and the expression level of phosphorylated 4EBP1 decreased from 0.97 to 0.28. Meanwhile, it also significantly reduced the mRNA expression of glucose metabolism-related genes GK, pyruvate kinase (PK), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and G6P, as well as lipid synthesis-related genes SCD and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). These results indicate a conserved role of mTOR in regulating nutritional metabolism, including glucose metabolism, lipid synthesis, and autophagy in S. constricta.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mTOR Plays a Conserved Role in Regulation of Nutritional Metabolism in Bivalve Sinonovacula constricta

Zhou

Li²,

Liao

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Response of gut microbiota, antioxidation, and disease resistance to Pacific shrimp fed distiller’s dried grains with solubles replaced soybean meal

Yohana,

Ray,

Qihui

et al. 2024

Aquacult Int

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This experiment aimed to examine the potential of distillers dried grains soluble (DDGS) meal as a substitute for soybean meal (SBM) in the Paci c shrimp diet. The study aimed to investigate how DDGS affected disease resistance, antoxidation, and gut microbiota. 840 shrimp were given varied diets with varying concentrations of DDGS. D1 (0%), D2 2%, D3 4%, D4 6%, D5 8%, D6 10%, and D7 12% were the DDGS levels. Each group had three replicates of the 56-day experiment. Initially, the weight was 0.19 ± 0.00 g. The survival rate was consistently 100% for shrimp-fed DDGS, except for group 7 (14%) and the control group, where shrimp mortality was observed. The total protein (TP) content was improved as the inclusion level of DDGS increased. The glucose (GLU) exhibited a downward trend with higher DDGS inclusion.Similarly, the TG and CHO levels in the serum decreased as the DDGS levels increased. The activities of ALT (alanine transaminase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) decreased as the dietary DDGS increased, with the control group showing signi cantly higher ALT and AST activities than those fed DDGS diets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity signi cantly increased with higher DDGS levels, while the MDA (malondialdehyde) activity showed the opposite trend. Notably, the control exhibited the highest MDA activity value. The most prevalent phylu found in the gut microbiota were Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Upon completion of a 7-day bacteria challenge, it was observed that shrimp fed with the control diet had a lower mortality rate compared to those fed the DDGS diet. Based on the parameters measured in this study, it was determined that replacing 10% of SBM with DDGS in the feed of Paci c shrimp is feasible. The calculation for shrimp survivalSurvival rate % = [100× End number of shrimp/ Initial number of shrimp] Serum biochemical analysisThis study set out to look into the antioxidant activity and serum biochemical parameters of Paci c shrimp. The levels of TG, CHO, GLU, TP, ALT, AST, MDA, and SOD were among the many activities that our team examined. We used assay kits from the prestigious Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute in China to guarantee precise and trustworthy results. We used commercial assay kits from the Nanjing Jiancheng Institute in Nanjing, China, to measure ALT and AST levels. The biuret method was used to determine TP levels. SOD activity was measured using the nitro blue tetrazolium reaction, with the color extracted into butanol and measured at 550 nm. The TBA (thiobarbituric acid) test was used to measure the amount of MDA in the hepatopancreas. Lipid hydroperoxide breakdown was also measured using TBA, resulting in red chemicals at the 532 nm absorbance peak. The analysis of digestive enzymeTo conduct a thorough analysis, we studied how dietary DDGS affects the activity of digestive enzymes, speci cally amylase, lysine, and protease, in shrimp. We selected three shrimp for each group and carefully removed and dissected their intestines. The intestine...

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Response of gut microbiota, antioxidation, and disease resistance to pacific shrimp fed distiller's dried grains with solubles replaced soybean meal

Yohana,

RAY,

Yang

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This experiment aimed to examine the potential of distillers dried grains soluble (DDGS) meal as a substitute for soybean meal (SBM) in the Pacific shrimp diet. The study aimed to investigate how DDGS affected disease resistance, antoxidation, and gut microbiota. 840 shrimp were given varied diets with varying concentrations of DDGS. D1 (0%), D2 2%, D3 4%, D4 6%, D5 8%, D6 10%, and D7 12% were the DDGS levels. Each group had three replicates of the 56-day experiment. Initially, the weight was 0.19 ± 0.00 g. The survival rate was consistently 100% for shrimp-fed DDGS, except for group 7 (14%) and the control group, where shrimp mortality was observed. The total protein (TP) content was improved as the inclusion level of DDGS increased. The glucose (GLU) exhibited a downward trend with higher DDGS inclusion. Similarly, the TG and CHO levels in the serum decreased as the DDGS levels increased. The activities of ALT (alanine transaminase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) decreased as the dietary DDGS increased, with the control group showing significantly higher ALT and AST activities than those fed DDGS diets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity significantly increased with higher DDGS levels, while the MDA (malondialdehyde) activity showed the opposite trend. Notably, the control exhibited the highest MDA activity value. The most prevalent phylu found in the gut microbiota were Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Upon completion of a 7-day bacteria challenge, it was observed that shrimp fed with the control diet had a lower mortality rate compared to those fed the DDGS diet. Based on the parameters measured in this study, it was determined that replacing 10% of SBM with DDGS in the feed of Pacific shrimp is feasible.

show abstract

Effects of Time-Dependent Protein Restriction on Growth Performance, Digestibility, and mTOR Signaling Pathways in Juvenile White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

mTOR Plays a Conserved Role in Regulation of Nutritional Metabolism in Bivalve Sinonovacula constricta

mTOR Plays a Conserved Role in Regulation of Nutritional Metabolism in Bivalve Sinonovacula constricta

Response of gut microbiota, antioxidation, and disease resistance to Pacific shrimp fed distiller’s dried grains with solubles replaced soybean meal

Response of gut microbiota, antioxidation, and disease resistance to pacific shrimp fed distiller's dried grains with solubles replaced soybean meal

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