Effects of Time-Restricted Feeding on Supramaximal Exercise Performance and Body Composition: A Randomized and Counterbalanced Crossover Study in Healthy Men

Abstract

Using a crossover design, we explored the effects of both short- and long-term time-restricted feeding (TRF) vs. regular diet on Wingate (WnT) performance and body composition in well-trained young men. Twelve healthy male physical education students were included (age: 22.4 ± 2.8 years, height: 174.0 ± 7.1 cm, body mass: 73.6 ± 9.5 kg, body mass index: 24.2 ± 2.0 kg/m2). The order of dieting was randomized and counterbalanced, and all participants served as their own controls. TRF was limited to an 8-h eating window and non-TRF involved a customary meal pattern. Participants performed WnT tests and body composition scans at baseline, post-one and post-four weeks of the assigned diet. Before testing, participants were asked to fill out a dietary record over four consecutive days and were instructed to continue their habitual training throughout the study. Energy intake and macronutrient distribution were similar at baseline in both conditions. WnT mean power and total work output increased post-four weeks of TRF. Both conditions were similarly effective in increasing fat-free mass after four weeks of intervention. However, there was no correlation between change in fat-free mass and WnT mean power after TRF. TRF did not elicit any changes in WnT performance or body composition one week post-intervention. Thus, long-term TRF can be used in combination with regular training to improve supramaximal exercise performance in well-trained men.

The effect of time of eating on cardiometabolic risk in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease

“…27,30,31,37,51,60,64,68,69,75 A considerable percentage of these trials have demonstrated a complete lack of or inadequate reporting of dietary intake, making the results of these interventions difficult to assess. 6,8,10,11,[13][14][15]19,25,26,29,65,66 With poor reporting on diet in many intermittent fasting trials, changes in dietary quality as a result of the intervention(s) are often left unas- window is similar to their baseline. 76 Some trials suggest a detrimental impact of intermittent fasting on lean or FFM, 16,26,29,30 and physical activity 12,21,29,30,69 but other trials have shown no concerning alterations in either physical activity 18,19,23,31,63,64 or body composition.…”

“…In comparison to habitual diet control, TRE has demonstrated greater weight loss (~1.6-3.0 kg) in some trials [16][17][18][19][20][21] but not others (Table 3). 29,65,67 In several of the studies which demonstrated greater weight loss with TRE, those assigned to TRE demonstrated a decrease in energy intake relative to the control group who were instructed to maintain their habitual intake. [16][17][18]20 Other trials observed no weight loss in either habitual diet or TRE and found energy intake between groups did not differ.…”

Differential Effects of One Meal per Day in the Evening on Metabolic Health and Physical Performance in Lean Individuals

“…Second, to assess maximal anaerobic power production (watt) in 10 s, the modified Wingate test was performed ( Sollie et al, 2018 ; Correia et al, 2021 ). The Wingate test was perform on a Lode ergometer bike (Lode Exacalibur Sport, Gronnigen, NL) with a torque factor of 0.8.…”

“…After 3 min of rest, the VO 2m ax test was performed ( Rustad et al, 2016 ; Sollie et al, 2018 ; Correia et al, 2021 ). The load was increased with 25 watt every minute until voluntary exhaustion or RPM < 60.…”

Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology

“…[ 109 ] but did not cause weight loss in lean healthy people. [ 313–315 ] Of note, a person's sex or menopausal status does not appear to affect the effectiveness of fasting in reducing weight. [ 316 ] The efficacy of fasting in reducing weight is also reflected in other populations, such as shift workers or obese individuals with sedentary lifestyles.…”