Effects of Topical Moisturizers on the Skin of Healthy Full-term Infants and Toddlers

Abstract

Moisturizers are the most prescribed products in dermatology. Treatment with moisturizers aims to maintain skin integrity and overall well-being by providing a healthy appearance. Moisturizers perform very important functions in baby care; however, there are few studies on the effects of moisturizers on the skin of infants. To investigate the effects of moisturizers on the skin of healthy full-term infants and toddlers, thirty-one healthy, full-term, 6-to 36-month-old infants and toddlers without any dermatologic conditions received moisturizer applied to the whole body except the eyes and diaper area after bathing twice daily for 4 weeks. Clinical assessments were conducted before treatment, immediately after the treatment period, and 1 and 4 weeks after treatment. At all visits, skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin pH, and skin roughness were measured, the skin surface was photographed, and any adverse events were recorded. After using moisturizer, skin hydration significantly increased and TEWL and roughness significantly decreased. The skin pH was modified to mildly acidic and the skin surface was visually smoother than before treatment. There were no statistical significant differences of effects of moisturizers according to age and sex, and adverse events were not observed. The results of moisturizer application on the skin were increased skin hydration, recovery of barrier function, balancing skin pH within a mildly acidic range, and increasing the smoothness of the skin surface for 4 weeks.

Evaluation of the effect of several moisturizing creams using the low frequency electrical susceptance approach

“…As with age, there were insignificant differences between males and females with respect to the efficacy of different moisturizers, although small differences were observed. These results are in agreement with [ 35 ], who also found the same results with infants and toddler participants. These findings reflected a consistent effect of moisturizer on the skin of both genders irrespective of differences by gender.…”

“…Furthermore, small and insignificant differences among groups with respect to skin surface susceptance in this study might also be due to the fact that the measurements were done 10 min (i.e., short-term) after applications of moisturizers. These results are in line with [ 35 ], who could not demonstrate statistically significant differences in moisturizer effects with respect to age-related differences among infants and toddlers.…”