Effects of Transgenic Crops on the Environment

Woodbury, Peter B.; DiTommaso, Antonio; Thies, Janice E.; Ryan, Matthew R.; Losey, John E.

doi:10.1002/9781119255574.ch6

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…It is important to manage irrigation water and farm soil, and even more so the use of brackish water and salted soils in a strategy called biosaline agriculture. The crop cultivation of halophytes has been gaining interest due to the difficulties related with obtaining salt‐tolerant crops through conventional or genetic modification, the productivity uncertainties in field conditions and the concerns with environmental impacts and consumer acceptance (Ismail & Horie, ; Lucht, ; Nuccio, Paul, Bate, Cohn, & Cutler, ; Rozema et al, ; Woodbury, DiTommaso, Thies, Ryan, & Losey, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved germination efficiency of Salicornia ramosissima seeds inoculated with Bacillus aryabhattai SP1016‐20

Figueira

Ferreira

Silva

2019

Annals of Applied Biology

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Funding information CESAMSaline agriculture and the crop cultivation of halophytes represent an alternative for the reclamation of salinized soils and for the management of irrigation water. Halotolerant plant growth promoting bacteria with biocontrol effect, as an alternative to commercial fungicides, may contribute to improve crop productivity while mitigating saline stress effects. The objective of this work was to isolate autochthonous rhizobacteria with biocontrol features, to be used as germination enhancers and plant-growth promoting agents in the crop cultivation of Salicornia ramosissima. A set of isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of S. ramosissima was characterised in terms of Gram, motility, salt tolerance and biocontrol traits (hydrogen cyanide production, antifungal activity and production of extracellular lipases and proteases). One Gram-positive motile isolate that tested positive for all biocontrol traits was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Bacillus aryabhattai. The inoculation of S. ramosissima seeds with B. aryabhattai SP1016-20 reduced the negative effect of salinity on the germination efficiency. At the highest tested salinity (30 g/L NaCl) the final germination efficiency of inoculated seeds doubled in relation to noninoculated controls. Although the mechanisms involved in the biocontrol effect were not defined in the current work, the results highlight the potential of Bacillus aryabhattai SP1016-20 as a plant-growth promoting agent for the crop cultivation of Salicornia and contribute to the strengthening of the scientific basis of biosaline agriculture and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria-assisted crop cultivation of halophytes in saline soils and estuarine sediments. K E Y W O R D S

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved germination efficiency of Salicornia ramosissima seeds inoculated with Bacillus aryabhattai SP1016‐20

Figueira

Ferreira

Silva

2019

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…Our marker-gene-free transgenic rice plants contain only the antiviral miRNA and exhibit 90% resistance to RSV infection. As a large number of virus-resistant transgenic crops have emerged, the biological safety of transgenic plants has raised concerns, including off-target effects [ 44 , 45 ]. However, since the transgenic plants express only a short sequence through amiRNA-mediated strategies, these potential risks are likely to be minimal [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic Rice Plants Expressing Artificial miRNA Targeting the Rice Stripe Virus MP Gene Are Highly Resistant to the Virus

Zhou

Yuan

et al. 2022

Biology

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Rice stripe virus (RSV) causes one of the most serious viral diseases of rice. RNA interference is one of the most efficient ways to control viral disease. In this study, we constructed an amiRNA targeting the RSV MP gene (amiR MP) based on the backbone sequence of the osa-MIR528 precursor, and obtained marker-free transgenic rice plants constitutively expressing amiR MP by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A transient expression assay demonstrated that dimeric amiR MP could be effectively recognized and cleaved at the target MP gene in plants. Northern blot of miRNA indicated that amiR MP-mediated viral resistance could be stably inherited. The transgenic rice plants were highly resistant to RSV (73–90%). Our research provides novel rice germplasm for RSV control.

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“…Human activities, particularly agricultural expansion and intensification and bushmeat harvesting make the transmission of diseases from animal populations to humans more likely (Allen et al, 2017, Rohr et al, 2019. Furthermore, the use of Genetically Modified (GM) crops with inbuilt herbicide tolerance (Woodbury et al, 2017), leads to increased herbicide use and associated loss of weeds that support pollinator species (Benbrook, 2012). Wildlifefriendly, locally appropriate means of securing food and diversifying livelihoods are needed, that support human and ecological health at the same time as conserving the genetic heritage that is in danger of being lost due to agricultural intensification and homogenization (Isbell et al, 2017).…”

Section: Balancing Biodiversity Conservation With Other Pressing Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are the Grand Challenges for Plant Conservation in the 21st Century?

Gillson

Seymour

Slingsby

et al. 2020

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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Effects of Transgenic Crops on the Environment

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Improved germination efficiency of Salicornia ramosissima seeds inoculated with Bacillus aryabhattai SP1016‐20

Improved germination efficiency of Salicornia ramosissima seeds inoculated with Bacillus aryabhattai SP1016‐20

Transgenic Rice Plants Expressing Artificial miRNA Targeting the Rice Stripe Virus MP Gene Are Highly Resistant to the Virus

What Are the Grand Challenges for Plant Conservation in the 21st Century?

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