Effects Of Treadmill Walking Training On Walking Performance And Oxidative Stress In Patients With Intermittent Claudication

Inequity in exercise-based interventions for adults with intermittent claudication due to peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review

“…This review included 3695 participants and randomised controlled trials sample sizes ranged from seven [34] to 304 [53]. Randomised controlled trials were conducted in 16 countries: USA (n ¼ 11) [31,32,38,41,42,52,63,64,70,74,75], Brazil (n ¼ 10) [30,33,34,43,47,51,55,56,69,71], UK (n ¼ 6) [40,49,58,60,72,73], Poland (n ¼ 4) [29,50,57,61], The Netherlands (n ¼ 3) [39,44,53], Slovenia (n ¼ 2) [54,67], Norway (n ¼ 2) [28,62], New Zealand (n ¼ 1) [27], Ireland (n ¼ 1) [45], Serbia (n ¼ 1) [48], Italy (n ¼ 1) [46], Austria (n ¼ 1) [59], Australia (n ¼ 3) [35][36][37], France (n ¼ 1) …”

“…Interventions were either (i) supervised and completed in a healthcare facility only (n ¼ 26) [27-29,34-37,41-45,49-51,53-55, 57-59,63,70,72] (ii) supervised at a healthcare facility and also at home by telephone (n ¼ 3) [32,52,64], (iii) supervised at a healthcare facility and unsupervised at home (n ¼ 6) [30,39,66,71,73,75] (iv) supervised remotely at home only(n ¼ 2) [38,40] or (v) unsupervised at home (n ¼ 3) [46,60,72]. Nine studies did not specify the intervention setting [31,33,48,56,61,62,[67][68][69] Interventions included treadmill training (n ¼ 16) [29,33,[35][36][37]39,41,42,44,50,52,54,57,63,69,75], outdoor walking programmes (n ¼ 13) [30,32,40,46,48,61,64,...…”

“…The risk of bias assignments for completed randomised controlled trials is displayed in Supplementary File 2. Twenty-two randomised controlled trials had an overall high risk of bias [27,29-32, 35,38,39,41,42,44-49,51,54,55,60-62], 16 randomised controlled trials had some concerns [28,33,34,36,37,40,43,50,52,53,[56][57][58][59]63,64] and no randomised controlled trials were graded as low risk of bias. The most common reasons for high risk of bias were a deviation from intended intervention (n ¼ 18) and measurement of outcome (n ¼ 11), other reasons for high risk of bias included randomisation process (n ¼ 3) and selection of reported results (n ¼ 2).…”