Effects of treatment with the anti-parasitic drug diminazene aceturate on antioxidant enzymes in rat liver and kidney

Abstract

Diminazene aceturate (DA) is the active component of some trypanocidal drugs used for the treatment of animals infected with trypanosomosis and babesiosis. Residues of DA may cause hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of oxidative stress, i.e., changes in the antioxidant defense system of rats treated with a single dose of 3.5 mg kg(-1) of DA. All treatments were intramuscularly administered, and evaluations were performed on days 7 and 21 post-treatment (PT). Liver and kidney samples were collected and evaluated by histopathology and oxidative stress parameters (thiobarbituric acid-reactive species, catalase, superoxide dismutase, carbonyl, non-protein thiols, and reduced glutathione). Finally, blood was collected to determine seric DA concentration. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in liver and kidney of rats were dramatically inhibited (p < 0.05) compared to the control group on day 21 PT. This difference is related to the concomitant increase (p < 0.05) in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, which was identified by an increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) levels. The carbonyl levels did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). Both non-protein thiols (NPSH) and glutathione (GSH) levels in liver and kidney decreased (p < 0.05) on day 21 PT. Chromatographic analyses showed lower levels of DA on day 21 PT compared to day 7 PT. A negative correlation was observed between DA concentration in serum and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney tissues on 21 days PT. Histopathology revealed vacuolar degeneration in liver and kidney samples on day 21 PT. Our findings indicate that DA could cause oxidative damage to liver and kidney of rats.

ACE2 activator diminazene aceturate reduces adiposity but preserves lean mass in young and old rats

“…For example, Baldissera et al reported an increase in liver and renal oxidative stress and a reduction in anti-oxidant enzymes (catalase, SOD) following a 21-day treatment with 3.5 mg/kg of DIZE. [34] The study also documented histological damage to the kidney and liver byday 21 of treatment. At 10 mg/kg, it was reported to cause GI and respiratory issues in dogs.…”

Solving the challenge of the blood–brain barrier to treat infections caused by Trypanosoma evansi: evaluation of nerolidol-loaded nanospheres in mice

“…2007; Vitouley et al 2012) since trypanosomes can hide in the brain. In this sense, formulations with trypanocidal action, such as N-NS (Baldissera et al 2016 a , b ), have the capacity to cross the BBB, and thus eliminate the parasite from the CNS, acting as an important resource to cure the disease. Recently, a study conducted by Oliveira et al .…”

“…The injection volume was 20 µ L, and the procedure followed the method described by Baldissera et al . (2016 b ). The sample and mobile phase were filtered through 0·45 µ m membrane filter (Millipore), and degassed by ultrasonic bath prior to use.…”

Chemotherapeutic control of trypanosomosis - a review of past measures, current status and future trends

“…They are the mainstay of trypanosomosis control measures (ONYIAH, trypanocidal drugs. They are the mainstay of trypanosomosis control measures (ONYIAH, 1997;BARRETT et al, 2007) and will probably remain so for a long time, in spite of the 1997; BARRETT et al, 2007) and will probably remain so for a long time, in spite of the problems of drug resistance and toxicity (ROSS and TAYLOR, 1990;GEERTS et al, 2001; problems of drug resistance and toxicity (ROSS and TAYLOR, 1990;GEERTS et al, 2001;BALDISSERA et al, 2016a) because drugs are the only method of control readily available BALDISSERA et al, 2016a) because drugs are the only method of control readily available to individual farmers. to individual farmers.…”