Effects of Trypanosoma brucei infection and diminazene aceturate therapy on testicular morphology and function of Nigerian local dogs

Obi, C. F.; Obidike, R. I.; Ezeh, Ikenna O.; Omoja, Valentine Uneojo; Iheagwam, Chijioke N.; Idika, Idika Kalu; Ezeokonkwo, R.C.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.03.023

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The nexus between the environments, animal and human populations are very close and thin especially in developing countries like Nigeria where animals play vital roles (Obi et al, 2013;Babu et al, 2015). Serious public health risks (zoonoses) with huge economic consequences often result when the animal-human link is poorly managed (WHO, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herdsmen and Livestock Farmers’ Perception, Attitudes and Risk Factors towards Zoonotic Diseases in Awka North and South Local Government Areas, Southeastern Nigeria

Obi

2016

Not Sci Biol

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A cross-sectional survey utilizing semi-structured questionnaires was used to study the herdsmen and livestock farmers' perception, attitudes and risk factors towards zoonotic diseases in Awka North and South Local Government Area. Data obtained were analyzed using chi-square on SPSS (Version 15.0) at a significance level of p < 0.05 to determine possible associations between variables and perceptions of zoonotic diseases. Out of the 384 respondents, 214 (55.7%) had heard about zoonotic diseases. Avian influenza (95.3%), rabies (90.9%) and bovine tuberculosis (64.3%) were perceived by the respondents to be zoonotic. Viruses (82.3%), punishment from gods (72.4%) and bacteria (52.1%) were also perceived by the respondents as major causes of zoonotic diseases, whereas 62% were of the view that zoonotic diseases are of no consequence. Only 26.3% (101) had overall knowledge of zoonotic diseases. Slaughtering of sick animals, drinking of raw milk, skin to skin contact with animals, contact with animals' placenta, handling of animal with open wounds/cuts and keeping of pets were indicted as attitudes and risk factors of zoonotic diseases amongst the respondents. Significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between perceptions/awareness of zoonotic diseases and age, educational status and location. In conclusion, the herdsmen and livestock farmers' awareness/perception of zoonotic diseases is abysmally poor in the study area, thus public education on zoonotic diseases is therefore hugely recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herdsmen and Livestock Farmers’ Perception, Attitudes and Risk Factors towards Zoonotic Diseases in Awka North and South Local Government Areas, Southeastern Nigeria

Obi

2016

Not Sci Biol

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“…The seminiferous epithelium of the testis is highly susceptible to damage, with a wide variety of agents causing reversible or irreversible degeneration (Parkinson, 2001). Acute TD can result secondary to a known insult such as exposure of the testes to toxins, radiation, extreme scrotal temperature, scrotal trauma, autoimmune disease, certain nutritional deficiencies, and infection with pathogenic organisms (Turner, 2007;Obi et al, 2013). Idiopathic TD has no identifiable underlying cause and has also been reported in dogs (Rehm, 2000;Fontbonne, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral testicular degeneration in dogs: Effects on spermatozoal characteristics, testis and cauda epididymis

Oguejiofor¹,

Anya²,

Ogbanya³

2020

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Testicular degeneration is an important cause of poor fertility in dogs, but there is little knowledge on its effects on spermatozoa in affected dogs. The study investigated the specific effects of unilateral testicular degeneration (UTD) on spermatozoal characteristics in the testis and epididymis. Ten sexually mature Nigerian indigenous breed of dogs, comprising 5 normal dogs and 5 dogs with UTD were used for the study. The testis and epididymis were removed via orchidectomy for morphological and histopathological evaluation. Sperm in the testis and cauda epididymis were analysed. The samples were grouped into four as N1 (normal right testis), N2 (normal left testis), ND (non-degenerated testis in UTD dogs), and D (degenerated testis in UTD dogs). Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. There were significant decreases (p<0.001) in testes weight, length, width and volume, and the gonado-somatic index in the D testes compared to the contralateral ND and the N groups. The D group also had significantly lowered epididymal sperm total and progressive motility, viability and concentration (p<0.001), and a decreased testicular sperm concentration (p<0.01). Moreover, there was a decreased percentage (p<0.001) of morphologically normal sperm, with increased prevalence of sperm abnormalities in the D group compared to the other groups. In comparison with the N groups, the ND group had a significantly lowered (p<0.05) epididymal sperm progressive motility, with increased percentage (p<0.01) of sperm with proximal cytoplasmic droplets and looped tails. The findings demonstrated that UTD in dogs adversely affected spermatozoa in the testis and cauda epididymis. There was also evidence of compromised spermatozoa in the epididymis contralateral to the degenerated testis. Keywords: Canine; Epididymis; Spermatozoa; Testicular atrophy; Testicular degeneration

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“…Trypanosomosis caused by pathogenic tsetse transmitted trypanosomes is recognized as one of the major diseases of animals and man in Africa (Obi et al 2013). Alterations in the host metabolic system and the release of inflammatory responses and reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in degenerative changes have been reported in trypanosomosis (Nwoha and Omamegbe 2016;Mishra et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced fasting blood glucose levels following relapse in diminazene aceturate (Dinazene®) treated Trypanosoma brucei infected albino rats

et al. 2019

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The blood glucose levels of rats were assessed following experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection and diminazene aceturate treatment. Ten adult female albino rats were randomly assigned into two groups of five rats each. Group A were infected with 10 6 trypanosomes while group B served as the uninfected control group. Group A rats were treated with 7 mg/kg Dinazene Ò (diminazene aceturate) at the peak of parasitaemia. Blood glucose level was assayed weekly while parasitaemia level was assessed daily. The blood glucose levels of the infected rats did not vary significantly (P [ 0.05) from that of control group except following relapse when the values became significantly (P \ 0.05) low. The implications of blood glucose reduction following relapse infection in rats is therefore highlighted and discussed.

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Effects of Trypanosoma brucei infection and diminazene aceturate therapy on testicular morphology and function of Nigerian local dogs

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Herdsmen and Livestock Farmers’ Perception, Attitudes and Risk Factors towards Zoonotic Diseases in Awka North and South Local Government Areas, Southeastern Nigeria

Herdsmen and Livestock Farmers’ Perception, Attitudes and Risk Factors towards Zoonotic Diseases in Awka North and South Local Government Areas, Southeastern Nigeria

Unilateral testicular degeneration in dogs: Effects on spermatozoal characteristics, testis and cauda epididymis

Reduced fasting blood glucose levels following relapse in diminazene aceturate (Dinazene®) treated Trypanosoma brucei infected albino rats

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