Effects of turf, leaf litter, and soil compaction on emergence and establishment of invasive glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus)

Eisenhaure, Stephen E.; McCarthy, Hannah C.; O'del, Jenna N; Giguere, Heidi; Symonds, Cody J.; Lee, Thomas D.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118933

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…We found the highest values of litter deposition, litter N, P, and K contents in the invaded environments, which supports the "island of fertility" hypothesis as previously described by Souza et al (2016). Invasive plant species can modify the new range, to facilitate its invasion, and future establishment (Anning et al 2018, Eisenhaure et al 2021, Kariyawasam et al 2021. Recent studies have demonstrated that into invaded environments, there were high litter deposition by invasive plant species, which changes the natural nutrient cycling process , Ahmad et al 2021.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Cryptostegia Madagascariensis Alters the Litterfall and Nutrient Cycling of Litter Inputs in An Invaded Tropical Cambisol From North-Eastern Brazil

Lucena¹,

Souza²,

Andrade³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The invasive Cryptostegia madagascariensis occupies riparian areas covered by tropical Cambisols throughout the North-eastern Brazil however litter is known regarding its ability to impact litter inputs, and ecosystem processes. This study aimed to characterize the effects of the invader on the litter deposition, soil physical-chemical properties, litter nutrient content, and the litter decay rate in a Tropical Cambisol. Comparisons of native and invaded environments showed that C. madagascariensis alters the quantity of litter deposition during both dry and rainy seasons. In contrast to native species, C. madagascariensis litterfall displayed litter seasonal variation (rainy vs. dry season), however invaded sites had higher litter biomass compared to native sites. C. madagascariensis litter was enriched in soil organic matter, N, P, and K contents as compared to the native litter. Compared to native environments, invaded ones had significantly decreased soil temperature and soil water content. Results suggest that C. madagascariensis enhances litter and N, P, and K availability in ways that have potential to impact soil ecosystem in the Tropical Cambisols from Caatinga ecoregion, Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Cryptostegia Madagascariensis Alters the Litterfall and Nutrient Cycling of Litter Inputs in An Invaded Tropical Cambisol From North-Eastern Brazil

Lucena¹,

Souza²,

Andrade³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…This may be a reason why the glossy buckthorn seeds do not germinate in early autumn when temperatures are very similar to the ones experienced in spring/early summer, as the seedlings would not have enough time to grow before winter (registered average daily temperature of 14.0 • C (±1.3 SD) in September and 7.5 • C (±1.3 SD) in October). A similar germination timing was observed by Eisenhaure et al [43] while studying the impacts of different substrates on glossy buckthorn seedlings' emergence in New Hampshire, USA. Mean temperatures from May to August in their study areas were 0.7 to 1.9 • C warmer than the ones registered for our study site [29].…”

Section: Scarificationsupporting

confidence: 82%

Impact of Environmental Conditions on Seed Germination of Glossy Buckthorn (Frangula alnus (Mill)) in Eastern Canada

Custodio,

Houle,

Girard

2023

Forests

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Understanding seed characteristics, germination, and seedling establishment patterns is essential for formulating effective management strategies to control invasive species. Glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus) is a shrub or small tree from Eurasia that has become invasive in North America, and which has negative impacts on plant communities and ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed the germination response of glossy buckthorn seeds to different temperatures (12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, and 28 °C), various stratification lengths (4 to 20 weeks), and scarification conditions to measure the impact on breaking seed dormancy, and the effect of light in triggering germination. Analysis using distinct time-to-event approaches, including the Kaplan–Meier estimator and Cox proportional hazard model, was employed to interpret germination data. Glossy buckthorn seeds exhibited physiological dormancy and required cold stratification to germinate. At 12 °C, only 14% of the seeds could germinate. At warmer temperatures, germination rates increased, reaching a peak of 70% at 20 °C. At 24 °C and 28 °C, germination declined, and seeds were probably induced into secondary dormancy. Scarified seeds had a higher probability of germination than non-scarified ones, even at the lowest temperatures. Darkness had a negative impact on germination at all tested temperatures. This study significantly advances our understanding of how temperature, light, stratification, and scarification impact glossy buckthorn seeds, elucidating the species’ seasonal germination patterns in North America. The results emphasize that glossy buckthorn utilizes seed banks as a primary strategy for invading and establishing in new habitats. The ungerminated seeds form persistent seed banks, ensuring F. alnus’ survival and bolstering its chances of successful establishment and invasion. As climate change drives temperature increases, it may affect seeds in the soil, altering stratification periods and consequently shifting the timing of germination.

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“…Mean temperatures from May to August in their study areas are 0.7 to 1.9 o C warmer than the ones registered for our study site (NOAA 2021). The authors recorded the greatest seedling emergence at the beginning of June, with a sharp decline occurring in early July and complete cessation by mid-August and September (Eisenhaure et al 2021). Their findings corroborated by ours help to identify glossy buckthorn's response to temperatures and outline its germination pattern.…”

Section: Breaking Dormancy and Patternsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…1). A similar germination timing was observed by (Eisenhaure et al 2021), while studying impacts of different substrates on glossy buckthorn seedlings' emergence in New Hampshire, USA. Mean temperatures from May to August in their study areas are 0.7 to 1.9 o C warmer than the ones registered for our study site (NOAA 2021).…”

Section: Breaking Dormancy and Patternsupporting

confidence: 75%

How environmental conditions impact seed germination and consequently the invasion strategy of glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus (Mill)) in Eastern Canada

Custodio

Houle

Girard

2022

Preprint

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Identifying the environmental factors that control germination is essential to understanding seed traits and their effect on fitness. Glossy buckthorn ( Frangula alnus ) is a shrub or small tree from Eurasia that has become invasive in North America, and which has negative impacts on plant communities and ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed the germination response of glossy buckthorn seeds to different temperatures, various stratification lengths and scarification conditions to measure the impact on breaking seed dormancy, as well as the effect of light in triggering germination. Survival analysis was performed utilizing a Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox proportional hazard model. Glossy buckthorn seeds exhibited physiological dormancy and required cold stratification to germinate. Germination starts at the end of spring when temperatures reach 12°C and reach a peak later in the season with a germination rate of 70% at 20°C. At warmer temperatures, germination declines, and seeds are induced into dormancy again. Ungerminated seeds will form persistent seed banks that will ensure the survival of F. alnus over time and space as well as enhance its chances of a successful establishment and invasion. Due to climate change, increases in temperatures might impact seeds buried in the soil, shorten the length of stratification periods in some areas of North America and consequently affect the timing of germination resulting in a shift of its germination period.

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Effects of turf, leaf litter, and soil compaction on emergence and establishment of invasive glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus)

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

Cryptostegia Madagascariensis Alters the Litterfall and Nutrient Cycling of Litter Inputs in An Invaded Tropical Cambisol From North-Eastern Brazil

Cryptostegia Madagascariensis Alters the Litterfall and Nutrient Cycling of Litter Inputs in An Invaded Tropical Cambisol From North-Eastern Brazil

Impact of Environmental Conditions on Seed Germination of Glossy Buckthorn (Frangula alnus (Mill)) in Eastern Canada

How environmental conditions impact seed germination and consequently the invasion strategy of glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus (Mill)) in Eastern Canada

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