Effects of Two Warm-Up Modalities on Short-Term Maximal Performance in Soccer Players: Didactic Modeling

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two warm-up modalities (scheduled before a soccer match) on short-term maximal performance and physiological responses in soccer players. Twenty soccer players (Age = 22.1 ± 4.4 years; Height = 183.2 ± 7.1 cm, Body mass = 77.6 ± 8.5 kg) participated in this study. They randomly performed two different pre-match warm-up protocols on separate days with different excitation order component sequences where the last component of the warm-up excitation sequence was imputed completed either in the middle (WU-1), or at the end of the warm-up (WU-2). During the completion of the warm-up, heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. After the warm-up, participants performed a repeated sprint ability test (RSA) and the five jump (5JT) test. The results revealed no significant differences in WU-1 and the WU-2 for HR and RPE. In WU-2 condition, significant differences in the 7th acceleration phase of the repeated 10 m sprint (S7) (p < 0.05) was observed in comparison to WU-1. Likewise, the performance of 5JT (p < 0.05), and the 10-m of the RSA (p < 0.05) increased to WU-2 in comparison with WU-1. In conclusion, we recommended performing warm-up at the end of pre-match rather than in the middle to ameliorate the performance of soccer players during the competition.

Effects of Warm-Up, Post-Warm-Up, and Re-Warm-Up Strategies on Explosive Efforts in Team Sports: A Systematic Review

“…However, this differs from the usual tasks performed in real-world contexts. Three studies showed that completing some sprint tasks at the end of the warm-up led to a 2-3% improvement in sprint performance [36,42,43]. Similarly, for jump performance, the application of sprint tasks seems to boost performance by 3% [42] and post-activation potentiation can be induced by three sets of three tuck jumps [44].…”

Pre-match Warm-Up Dynamics and Workload in Elite Futsal

“…Sprinting tasks were also frequently used by coaches in warm-up including visual and/or acoustic signals on intermittent sprinting bouts of 10-20 m distance. This option seems to potentiate subsequent sprint performance, particularly when performed at the end of the warm-up (Guinoubi et al, 2015;van den Tillaar and von Heimburg, 2016). These effects may be explained by the PAPE effect as it is expected that high-intensity actions activate temperature and metabolic mechanisms that enhance subsequent performance (Blazevich and Babault, 2019).…”

“…Other activities such as sprinting and stretching are also commonly used in warm-up routines (Ayala et al, 2012). Nevertheless, a stronger consensus is missing regarding the effects, moment, and type of sprinting and stretching (Guinoubi et al, 2015;van den Tillaar and von Heimburg, 2016).…”

Short Post-warm-up Transition Times Are Required for Optimized Explosive Performance in Team Sports

“…Then, the players were divided into 2 teams, playing 3 minutes of a passing small-sided game (SSG) between them, aiming to provide high and brief intense movements, with techniques and tactics that can replicate game-like scenarios (20). To end the warm-up, the subjects performed a 2-minute postactivation potentiation (PAP) task, divided into 4 sprints of 15 m each with a 25-second recovery in between, aiming to increase the excitability of speed-contracted units (18). After the warm-up, each player remained seated during the transition time (T3, T10, or T17) without knowing how long they would rest.…”