Effects of type 2 diabetes and metformin on salivary microbiota in patients with chronic periodontitis

Gu, Min; Wang, Peipei; Xiang, Shufen; Xu, Dan; Jin, Chun Xiang; Jiang, Zhenxing; Hu, Nan

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105277

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Purified DNA was further processed by Novogene Company Limited (Cambridge, UK) for amplicon sequencing. The V3-V4 region of the hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified [23,24], and equimolar amount of DNA from each sample was pooled. These pooled amplicons were subjected to end-repair, A-tailing, and ligation with an Illumina adapter to construct the DNA library.…”

Section: Viable Bacterial Count (Cfu/ml)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweet Orange Juice Processing By-Product Extracts: A Caries Management Alternative to Chlorhexidine

Saha,

Boesch,

Maycock

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally in both children and adults. This study investigated the potential of industrial sweet orange waste extracts (ISOWE) as a substitute for chlorhexidine (CHX) in managing dental caries. First, the cytotoxicity of ISOWE (40, 80, 120 mg/mL) and CHX (0.1 and 0.2%) on buccal epithelial cells was determined. ISOWE exhibited no overall toxicity, whereas CHX strongly affected cell viability. The combination of ISOWE and CHX significantly enhanced cell proliferation compared to CHX alone. Next, the antimicrobial efficacy of ISOWE, CHX, and their combination was assessed against a 7-day complex biofilm model inoculated with oral samples from human volunteers. CHX exhibited indiscriminate antimicrobial action, affecting both pathogenic and health-associated oral microorganisms. ISOWE demonstrated lower antimicrobial efficacy than CHX but showed enhanced efficacy against pathogenic species while preserving the oral microbiome’s balance. When applied to a cariogenic biofilm, the combined treatment of ISOWE with 0.1% CHX showed similar efficacy to 0.2% CHX treatment alone. Overall, the findings suggest that ISOWE is a promising natural anti-cariogenic agent with lower toxicity and enhanced selectivity for pathogenic species compared to CHX.

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Section: Viable Bacterial Count (Cfu/ml)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweet Orange Juice Processing By-Product Extracts: A Caries Management Alternative to Chlorhexidine

Saha,

Boesch,

Maycock

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the opposite direction, improving glucose control is beneficial in preventing both onset and progression of chronic complications of DM and this is also likely true for periodontitis. Moreover, recent studies in both experimental animals and humans suggest that drugs that are currently used for the treatment of DM2 have additional beneficial effects in periodontitis independently of their glucose-lowering action [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Local application of 1% metformin gel into the periodontal pockets improves periodontitis when given on the top of scaling and root planning [ 53 ].…”

Section: Bidirectional Relationship Between Periodontitis and Dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies in experimental animals suggest that drugs that are currently used for the treatment of DM2, such as metformin, sulfonylureas, and GLP-1 receptor agonists, may also have direct beneficial effects in periodontitis by decreasing inflammation [ 48 , 51 , 52 ], bacterial dysbiosis [ 49 , 50 ], and bone loss and by enhancing bone formation [ 47 , 226 ]. This suggests that, beyond lowering blood glucose levels, anti-diabetic drug may also have pleiotropic effects of potential relevance in the context of periodontitis.…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insight into the Mechanisms of the Bidirectional Relationship between Diabetes and Periodontitis

et al. 2022

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Periodontitis and diabetes are two major global health problems despite their prevalence being significantly underreported and underestimated. Both epidemiological and intervention studies show a bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. The hypothesis of a potential causal link between the two diseases is corroborated by recent studies in experimental animals that identified mechanisms whereby periodontitis and diabetes can adversely affect each other. Herein, we will review clinical data on the existence of a two-way relationship between periodontitis and diabetes and discuss possible mechanistic interactions in both directions, focusing in particular on new data highlighting the importance of the host response. Moreover, we will address the hypothesis that trained immunity may represent the unifying mechanism explaining the intertwined association between diabetes and periodontitis. Achieving a better mechanistic insight on clustering of infectious, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases may provide new therapeutic options to reduce the risk of diabetes and diabetes-associated comorbidities.

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The profile of oral microbiome in Chinese elderly population associated with aging and systemic health status

Guo,

Zhou,

Xie

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Objective The health of oral cavity is considered as an important indicator of aging. Oral microbiota is highly associated with the oral health, while the variation of oral microbiome in elderly population and characteristic microbes associated with aging remain unclear. Subjects and methods In this study, 130 elderly subjects were recruited and divided into 3 groups according to their age: Stage I group (65 ≤ years < 70), Stage II group (70 ≤ years < 75), and Stage III group (75 ≤ years < 80). Their physiological indices were analyzed with using Illumina MiSeq platform and the oral microbiome was determined by high-throughput sequencing. Results Along with aging, the level of fasting blood glucose, systolic pressure and monocytes are significantly increased. No significant difference was detected on the whole structure of the oral microbiome among groups. While using Metastats and Spearman’s correlation analysis, specific bacteria were identified as potential age- or health index-related bacterial genera including Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Porphyromonas, Aminobacter, Collinsella, Clostridium and Acinetobacter. Conclusion Our study revealed that the composition structure of salivary microbiota in elderly population was relatively stable while specific bacteria were correlated with age and health status, which is promising to be served as health indicators of the elderly after further exploration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-024-04676-x.

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Effects of type 2 diabetes and metformin on salivary microbiota in patients with chronic periodontitis

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Sweet Orange Juice Processing By-Product Extracts: A Caries Management Alternative to Chlorhexidine

Sweet Orange Juice Processing By-Product Extracts: A Caries Management Alternative to Chlorhexidine

Novel Insight into the Mechanisms of the Bidirectional Relationship between Diabetes and Periodontitis

The profile of oral microbiome in Chinese elderly population associated with aging and systemic health status

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