Effects of ultra-high purification and addition of interstitial elements on properties of pure titanium and titanium alloy

Ouchi, Chiaki; Iizumi, Hiroshi; Mitao, Shinji

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00799-5

Cited by 119 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…As the results of strengthening estimation, the increase of yield stress of the extruded Ti/TiCs composites are mainly due to the dispersion strengthening mechanism of the second phases (TiC particles and the remained CNTs) and the grain size effect, while the carbon solid solution shows a very small effect on the increase of yield stress. The effects of oxygen and nitrogen [21,26] are also taken into account in the same effect as well as carbon. However, the previous study [27] suggested that the oxygen and nitrogen contents in the composite, which was consolidated using the same materials and conditions with this study, are very small and close to the starting content in the raw powders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature properties of extruded titanium composites fabricated from carbon nanotubes coated titanium powder by spark plasma sintering and hot extrusion

Kondoh

Threrujirapapong

Umeda

et al. 2012

Composites Science and Technology

107

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Pure titanium matrix composite reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was prepared by spark plasma sintering and hot extrusion via powder metallurgy process.Titanium (Ti) powders were coated with CNTs via a wet process using a zwitterionic surfactant solution containing 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0wt.% of CNTs. In-situ TiC formation via reaction of CNTs with titanium occurred during sintering, and TiC particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix. As-extruded Ti/TiCs composite rods were annealed at 473 K for 3.6 ks to reduce the residual stress during processing. After annealing process, the tensile properties of the composites were evaluated at room temperature, 473, 573 and 673 K, respectively. Hardness test was also performed at room temperature up to 573 K with a step of 50 K. The mechanical properties of extruded Ti/CNTs composites at elevated temperature were remarkably improved by adding a small amount of CNTs, compared to extruded Ti matrix. These were due to the TiC dispersoids originated from CNTs effectively stabilized the microstructure of extruded Ti composites by their pinning effect. Moreover, the coarsening and growth of Ti grain never occurred even though they were annealed at 573, 673 K for 36 ks and 673 K for 360 ks, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature properties of extruded titanium composites fabricated from carbon nanotubes coated titanium powder by spark plasma sintering and hot extrusion

Kondoh

Threrujirapapong

Umeda

et al. 2012

Composites Science and Technology

107

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“…According to the chemical analysis results of the oxygen content of each specimen, there is an increment of 100 ppm oxygen of TMC with 0.35 wt% CNTs compared to the pure titanium with no CNT. 1 wt% addition of the oxygen content of pure titanium causes the increment of 13.2 MPa TS and 13.6 MPa YS [20]. This means that the effect of the oxygen increment on these TMC materials reinforced with nanotubes is very small.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The tensile test results are shown in Table 1 MPa [20]. This is due to both the large oxygen content and extremely fine grains.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of powder metallurgy pure titanium matrix composite reinforced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes

Kondoh

Threrujirapapong

Imai

et al. 2009

Composites Science and Technology

217

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By using pure titanium powder coated with un-bundled multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via wet process, powder metallurgy (P/M) titanium matrix composite (TMC) reinforced with the CNTs was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and subsequently hot extrusion process. The microstructure and mechanical properties of P/M pure titanium and reinforced with CNTs were evaluated. The distribution of CNTs and in-situ formed titanium carbide (TiC) compounds during sintering was investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDS analyzer. The mechanical properties of TMC were significantly improved by the additive of CNTs. For example, when employing the pure titanium composite powder coated with CNTs of 0.35 mass%, the increase of tensile strength and yield stress of the extruded TMC was 157 MPa and 169 MPa, respectively, compared to those of extruded titanium materials with no CNT additive. 2Fractured surfaces of tensile specimens were analyzed by SEM, and the uniform distribution of CNTs and TiC particles, being effective for the dispersion strengthening, at the surface of the TMC were obviously observed.

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“…The tensile properties for extruded Ti without carbon black in this study are almost identical to those of the conventional pure Ti. 16,17) The average yield stress (YS) and tensile strength (TS) values for the extruded sponge and fine Ti/TiC composites are 317, 479, 744 and 878 MPa, respectively. In the case of the sponge Ti powders, the increases in YS and TS on account of the addition of carbon black particles are 28.3% and 16.2%, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of a Titanium Matrix Composite Reinforced with Low Cost Carbon Black via Powder Metallurgy Processing

et al. 2009

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A powder metallurgy (P/M) titanium matrix composite (TMC) reinforced with low cost carbon black was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and hot extrusion. Carbon black particles were added for the in situ formation of TiC dispersoids during the SPS process. Two kinds of titanium (Ti) powders, sponge and fine Ti, were coated with carbon black particles via a wet process using a zwitterionic solution containing carbon black spheres. The distribution of the particles on the Ti powder surface before the consolidation process was imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We evaluated the microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded pure Ti matrix composites reinforced with TiC particles. The morphology and distribution of the in situ TiC phases were investigated using optical microscopy and SEM with the help of an EDS analyzer. The mechanical properties of these composites were remarkably improved by adding a small amount of carbon black at 0:07$0:16 mass%. The increases in the yield stress of the extruded sponge and fine TMC were 70.0 and 291 MPa, while the tensile strength increases were 67 and 231 MPa, respectively, compared to those of extruded pure Ti with no reinforcement. Finally, the fractured surfaces of TMC specimens after tensile testing were observed. The benefits of the wet process and the use of carbon black additives are discussed in detail.

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Effects of ultra-high purification and addition of interstitial elements on properties of pure titanium and titanium alloy

Cited by 119 publications

References 1 publication

High-temperature properties of extruded titanium composites fabricated from carbon nanotubes coated titanium powder by spark plasma sintering and hot extrusion

High-temperature properties of extruded titanium composites fabricated from carbon nanotubes coated titanium powder by spark plasma sintering and hot extrusion

Characteristics of powder metallurgy pure titanium matrix composite reinforced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes

Mechanical Properties of a Titanium Matrix Composite Reinforced with Low Cost Carbon Black via Powder Metallurgy Processing

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