Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Terrestrial Plants

The effect of u.v.‐B radiation on u.v.‐absorbing secondary metabolites in birch seedlings grown under simulated forest soil conditions

“…In addition, PAR has been shown to have a direct influence on the responses of plants to u.v.-B radiation, and increases in the u.v.-B: PAR ratio have usually caused decreases in growth and net photosynthesis (e.g. Bornman & Teramura, 1993).…”

“…Caldwell et al, 1995). In the case of individual plant responses, specific u.v.-protective and adaptive responses have been found, among them the widespread induction of u.v.-absorbing phenolic compounds that afford u.v.-B attenuation (Tevini & Teramura, 1989;Stapleton, 1992;Bornman & Teramura, 1993;Caldwell et al, 1995). Recently, it has been shown that in some plant species, u.v.-B radiation leads to an increase in the * To whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

“…Conifers, which appear to be most efficient in u.v.-screening (Day, Howells & Rice, 1994), have shown considerable speciesspecific and individual variation in susceptibility to enhanced u.v.-B radiation, as well as in the u.v.-B-induced accumulation of u.v.-B absorbing compounds (Sullivan & Teramura, 1988. This response to u.v.-B radiation has been shown to be highly dependent upon growth conditions, such as illumination and mineral availability (see, for example, Murali & Teramura, 1985;Bornman & Teramura, 1993).…”

Sensitivity of freshwater macrophytes to UV radiation: relationship to depth zonation in an oligotrophic New Zealand lake

“…For example, degraded D1 proteins can be excised and replaced to reinstate PS II function (Aro et al 1993;Sass et al 1997). Also, cellular compounds that absorb strongly in the UVR spectrum such as MAAs in algae (Dunlap and Shick 1998;Franklin et al 1999) and flavonoids in higher plants (Bornman and Teramura 1993) can reduce the potential damage incurred from UVR wavelengths (Roy 2000).…”

Effects of Epidermal Cell Shape and Pigmentation on Optical Properties of Antirrhinum Petals at Visible and Ultraviolet Wavelengths

“…Shorter wavelengths are so strongly absorbed by ozone that they will not reach the earth even with a thinner ozone layer, and longer wavelengths are not absorbed appreciably even with an intact ozone layer. The effects of UV-B radiation on higher plants (Tevini and Teramura, 1989;Teramura et al, 1991;Bornman and Teramura, 1993;Caldwell and Flint, 1994;Caldwell et al, 1995), as well as the evidence that links an increase in UV-B radiation to a decreased stratospheric ozone layer, have been reviewed (Blumthaler and Ambach, 1990;Madronich et al, 1991Madronich et al, , 1995Madronich, 1993). Although UV-8 light has important regulatory and photomorphogenic roles (Ballaré et al, 1995;Bjorn, 1996), excess UV light is clearly harmful and most research has concentrated on its damaging effects.…”