Effects of unemployment on mental and physical health.

Abstract

From a prospective study of the impact of stress on health in 300 men assessed every six months, men who became unemployed after entering the study were compared with an equal number, matched for age and race, who continued to work. Psychological and health data after unemployment were compared between the two groups by multivariate analysis of variance and covariance. After unemployment, symptoms of somatization, depression, and anxiety were significantly greater in the unemployed than employed. Large standard deviations on self-esteem scores in the unemployed

Influence of lack of full-time employment on attempted suicide in Manitoba, Canada

“…Stepwise multiple logistic regression was used to determine the effects of age (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44), and 45-64 years), gender, educational status (less than grade 10, grade 10-12, some postsecondary schooling), area of residence (Winnipeg, non-Winnipeg urban, and rural), marital status (married and common law versus all other), ethnicity (aboriginal versus nonaboriginal), living with a fulltime employed person (yes, no), living in the same dwelling for the previous 5 years (yes, no), household income (continuous variable), previous mental health care (yes, no), suicide attempts from 1 April 1983 to 5 June 1986 (yes, no), and employment status on the likelihood of an individual attempting suicide following the census. The employment variables were divided into the following four mutually exclusive categories: full-time employed, part-time employed, unemployed, and not in the labor force.…”

Factors influencing the impact of unemployment on mental health among young and older adults in a longitudinal, population-based survey

“…With regard to distress, longitudinal studies of adults who become unemployed show that, compared with their employed counterparts, these adults report increased distress, especially just before and just after the event (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In one of the only prospective, population-based studies that assessed cases of depression and unemployment (14), those who became unemployed were at twice the risk of depression.…”

Unemployment Anxiety of Student Taking Sports Education in University

“…However, the level of anxiety varies based on the circumstances, living conditions, social and economic status (National Research Council [NRC], 2010). Anxiety level research has been widely investigated by different researchers and organizations, where it was discussed from different causing aspects, such as war (Abdel-Khalek, 2004;Zeidner, & Ben-Zur, 1994), socio-economic (Norberg, Norton, Olivier, & Zvolensky,2010;Frederick, & Morrison,1996), education and certain courses in education (Hieronymus, 1951;-Spence, Taylor, & Ketchel, 1956), marital status (Thoits, 1987;Scott et al, 2010), health status (Gorsuch, & Key, 1974), and last but not least employment status (Linn, Sandifer, & Stein, 1985;Pharr, Moonie, & Bungum, 2011). Throughout these researches and many others, a number of measures were used to evaluate the level of anxiety.…”

“…These studies, conducted in different countries, have recorded a number of possible diseases and psychological impacts due to the unemployment status. Accordingly, the range of impact may be in the form of stress, depression or anxiety, and in worse cases, it may cause hypertension, mental disorder and premature mortality (Linn, Sandifer, & Stein, 1985;Gerdtham, & Johannesson, 2003;Pharr, Moonie, & Bungum, 2011). In most of these studies, it is noted that there is a correlation between the certain symptoms, some of which are mentioned above, and the unemployment status.…”